List of historical states in America

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In America there were state-like structures even before the European conquest, most of which had monarchical structures. In addition, in the course of history there have been repeated founding of modern states , which were mostly very short-lived.

The following list gives an overview of both types of states. Colonies are not considered a "state".

Pre-Columbian states

North and Central America
- Aztec Empire ( Aztecs )
- Maya empires ( Maya )
- Mixtec Empire ( Mixtec )
- Empire of Michoacán / Tarasken Empire ( Tarasken )
- Teotihuacan
- Teotitlan
- Tlaxcalteken
- Empire of Tula / Toltec Empire ( Toltec )
- Yopitzinco
- Empire of Monte Albán / Zapotec Empire ( Zapotec )

South America
- Chimú empire
- Chiribaya
- Huanca
- Wari Empire or Huari Empire
- Ica culture
- Inca Empire
- Moche empire
- Lambayeque culture or Sicán culture
- Tiahuanaco Empire

Modern state structures

North and Central America
- States on the island of Hispaniola :
  - Haiti Empire (1804–1806)
  - Kingdom of Haiti (1811-1820)
  - Republic of Spanish Haiti (1821-1822)
  - State of Haiti (1806-1811)
  - Haiti Empire (1849-1859)
- West Indian Federation (1958–1962)
- Netherlands Antilles (1954-2010)
- States in what is now Canada :
  - Republic of Canada (1837–1838)
  - Newfoundland
  - Republic of Lower Canada (1837-1838)
  - Republic of Manitoba / Republic of Caledonia (1867–1870)
- States in what is now Mexico :
  - Chan Santa Cruz (1847-1901)
  - Empire of Mexico (1821–1823)
  - Empire of Mexico (1864–1867)
  - Republic Lower California / Republic of Lower California (11.1853 - 01.1854)
  - Rio Grande Republic / República del Río Grande (1840)
  - "Republic of Sonora" (01.1854 - 05.1854)
  - "République de Sonore" (1853-1854)
  - Republic of Yucatán (1840–1841, 1846–1848)
- Countries in the rest of Central America :
  - Free State of the Isthmus (1840–1841)
  - Republic of Los Altos (1838–1840)
  - United Provinces of Central America (1823–1838)
  - Republic of Central America (1896–1898, Union of El Salvador , Honduras and Nicaragua )
- States on the territory of today's USA :
  - Cherokee Land
  - Deseret
  - República de Florida (1817)
  - State of Franklin (1784-1788)
  - Republic of Indian Stream (1832-1835)
  - Republic of California (1846)
  - Confederate States of America , emerged from the previously nominally independent states:
    - Republic of Alabama (1861)
    - Republic of Florida (1861)
    - Republic of Georgia (1861)
    - Republic of Louisiana (1861)
    - Republic of Mississippi (1861)
    - Republic of South Carolina (1860/61)
    - Republic of Texas (1861) (1861)
  - Republic of Madawaska (1827–1842)
  - Muskogee State / State of Muskogee (1799-1803)
  - Provisional Government of Oregon (1843-1849)
  - Republic of South Carolina (1860–1861)
  - Republic of Texas (1836-1845)
  - Republic of Vermont (1777-1791)
  - Republic of West Florida (1810)

South America
- States on the territory of today's Argentina (and neighboring states):
  - Araucania and Patagonia / Royaume de Araucanie et Patagonie (planned establishment of the state 1860–1862, no international recognition)
  - United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (1810)
  - Liga de los Pueblos Libres / " League of Free Peoples ", also Liga Federal (1815-1820)
  - Republic of Entre Ríos (1820–1821)
  - Argentine Confederation (1835-1852)
  - State of Buenos Aires (1852–1861)
- State foundations in the area of today's Brazil :
  - United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1812–1825)
  - Equatorial Confederation / Confederação do Equador (1824)
  - Republic of Acre
  - Conjuração Baiana (1798)
  - Federação do Guanais (1832)
  - Republic of Rio Grande do Sul / República Riograndese / República de Piratiny (1835–1845)
  - Republic of Santa Catarina / República Catarinese / República Juliana (1839-1840)
  - Principality of Trinidad (1893–1895) (on what is now the Brazilian island of Trinidad )
- Republic of Independent Guyana , also Republic of Counani / Counani Free State (1886–1912)

- States on the territory of today's Colombia (and neighboring states):
  - Free State of Cundinamarca (1810–1814)
  - Cartagena Free State (1811–1815)
  - Confederate cities of the Valle del Cauca ("Ciudades Confederadas del Valle del Cauca") (1811-1815)
  - Free State of Antioquia (1813-1816)
  - Free State of Mariquita (1814–1816)
  - Free State of Neiva (1814-1816)
  - Republic of Guayaquil (1820-1822)
  - Greater Colombia (1819–1831)
  - Republic of New Granada (1830-1858)
  - Granada Confederation (1858–1863)
  - United States of Colombia (1863–1886)

- Peruvian-Bolivian Confederation (1837–1839)
  Sub-states:
  - Republic of Bolivia (until today independent)
  - Republic of Northern Peru (1836–1839, today Peru )
  - Republic of Southern Peru (1836–1839, today Peru )

See also