Lyudmila Ivanovna Ainana

Lyudmila Ivanovna Ainana ( Russian Людмила Ивановна Айнана ; born December 28, 1934 in Ukigjarak near Ungasik , Chukotka , Russia ) is a Russian-Eskimo philologist , Eskimologist and a leader of the Siberian Eskimos . She is committed to preserving the language and traditions of the Yupik in Chukotka. In 1990 she founded the Eskimo society "Yupik" to represent the interests of the Eskimos in Chukotka and became its first chairwoman.

Life

Lyudmila Ainana was born in 1934 in the southeast of the Chukchi Peninsula as the fifth child of the Eskimo hunter Atat and his wife Janna. She was given the name Ainana, the first name Lyudmila and the patronymic Ivanovna only later. Her father worked as a boat operator in Plover that summer. In 1942 the family moved to the Eskimo village of Ungasik ( Russian Staroje Tschaplino ), where Lyudmila attended elementary school. In 1946 she was sent to a boarding school in Prowidenija , where she was the first Eskimo girl to complete secondary education. She then studied from 1954 to 1959 at the philological faculty of the Alexander Heart Institute in Leningrad . She returned to the Far East , married the Eskimo Nikolai Panauge († 1970), whom she had known since boarding school, and became a teacher in the village of Tanjurer in the Anadyrski Rajon . From 1960 to 1963 Ainana taught Russian language and literature at the Novoje Tschaplino middle school , then she was a teacher at a middle school in Prowidenija until 1978. In 1974 she and Wera Analkwasak published a primer of the Yupik language for preparatory classes in schools for Eskimos. From 1978 she worked at the Research Institute for Ethnic Schools of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR and wrote other textbooks for Yupik lessons. As a translator, she also translated works by Pushkin and Aksakov into the Yupik language.

The political détente at the end of the 1980s meant that in 1988 a group of Eskimos from Alaska could travel to Chukotka. In return, Ainana traveled to Alaska with her dance group from Novoje Tschaplino that same year. In 1989 she came into contact with the American scientist Thomas F. Albert, who worked with the wildlife management of the North Slope Borough . Albert was interested in seeing bowhead whales off the coast of Chukotka. Ainana organized a network of Eskimo hunters and regularly summarized their observations for Albert. The program ran until 1995.

In August 1990 Ainana was instrumental in founding the Chukotka Eskimo Society "Yupik". Two years later, "Yupik" joined the Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC), a multinational non-governmental organization that represents the approximately 150,000 Eskimos in the United States, Canada, Greenland and Russia, and Ainana became a board member. "Yupik" was headed in the 1990s by a body to which each Eskimo community sent a member. In 2000 the Society was renamed the Chukotka Yupik Eskimo Society, and Ainana became its sole chairwoman.

From 1994 to 2000 she was the coordinator of a long-term Russian-American program to research indigenous whaling in Chukotka. In 2000 she attended the meeting of the International Whaling Commission in London.

Ainana, who, in contrast to many of her people, has a perfect command of the Yupik language, has led the efforts of the Asian Eskimos to preserve their language, their cultural traditions and their environment for many years. Her publications include Yupik language textbooks and articles on the marine mammals of the Bering Strait .

Ainana received several state awards in the Soviet Union , including the anniversary medal "In memory of the 100th birthday of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" . In 1998 the Inuit Circumpolar Council gave her its highest honor, the Bill Edmunds Award.

Fonts (selection)

• Л. И. Айнана, В. А. Анальквасак: Букварь. Для подготовительного класса эскимосской школы, 1974.
• Л. И. Айнана, Г. А. Наказик: Искорка. Книга для дополнительного чтения в подготовительном первом классах эскимосских школ, 1981.
• Л. И. Айнана, Г. А. Наказик, М. Н. Сигунылик: Эскимосский язык. Учебник и книга для чтения для 1-го класса, 1984.
• Л. И. Айнана, Г. А. Наказик, М. Н. Сигунылик: Эскимосский язык. Учебник и книга для чтения для 2-го класса, 1989.
• Л. И. Айнана, В. А. Анальквасак: Букварь. Для 1 класса эскимосских школ, 1990.
• L. Ainana: Role of the Eskimo Society of Chukotka in encouraging traditional native use of wildlife resources by Chukotka Natives and in conducting shore based observations on the distribution of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, in coastal off the south-eastern part of the Chukotka Peninsula (Russia) during 1995 , 1997.
• VV Melnikov, MA Zelensky, LI Ainana: Observations on Distribution and Migration of Bowhead Whales (Baleana mysticetus) in the Bering and Chukchi Seas , Scientific Report of the International Whaling Commission 50, 1997.
• VV Melnikov, D I. Litovka, IA Zagrebin, MA Zelensky, LI Ainana: Shore-Based Counts of Bowhead Whales along the Chucotka Peninsula in May and June 1999-2001 . In: Arctic . Volume 57, No. 3, 2004, pp. 290-298 ( PDF ).
• L. Ainana: Preservation and development of the subsistence lifestyle and traditional use of natural resources by native people (Eskimo and Chukchi) in several coastal communities (Inchoun, Lorino, New Chaplino, Sireniki, Enmelen) of Chukotka in the Russian Far East during 1997 , 1999.
• L. Ainana, Richard L. Bland: Umiak. The traditional skin boat of the coast dwellers of the Chukchi Peninsula , 2003.
• E. Zdor, L. Zdor, L. Ainana: Traditional knowledge of the native people of Chukotka about walrus , 2010 ( PDF ).
• L. Ainana, I. Zagrebin: Edible plants used by Siberian Yupik Eskimos of southeastern Chukotka Peninsula, Russia , ISBN 978-0985394844 , 2014.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Дмитрий Опарин: Людмила Айнана . In: Большой город on August 3, 2012 (Russian).
2. ↑ Евгений Рябов: Айнана: жизни полёт . In: Крайний Север on December 26, 2014 (Russian).
3. ↑ Сказки бабушки Айнаны in the news portal prochukotku.ru on July 24, 2017 (Russian).
4. ^ Sarah Hurst: Alaska-Chukotka: when cousins ​​reunite . In: openDemocracy on April 15, 2011 (English)
5. ^ Lyudmila Bogoslovskaya: Yupik Eskimo Society of Chukotka . In: Mark Nuttall (Ed.): Encyclopedia of the Arctic . tape 3 . Routledge, New York and London 2003, ISBN 1-57958-436-5 , pp. 2224 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
6. ↑ Lyudmila Bogoslovskaya: Ainana, Lyudmila . In: Mark Nuttall (Ed.): Encyclopedia of the Arctic . tape 1 . Routledge, New York and London 2003, ISBN 1-57958-436-5 , pp. 17 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
7. ↑ Валентина Леонова: Ученица рүсских эскимологов . In: Крайний Север (Russian).
8. ^ Winner of the Bill Edmunds Award on the Inuit Circumpolar Council Canada website, accessed on November 5, 2018 (English)

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