Louis-Eugène Cavaignac
Louis-Eugène Cavaignac (born October 15, 1802 in Paris , † October 28, 1857 at Ournes Castle near Flée , Département Sarthe ) was a French Général de division and Minister of War.
Life
Louis-Eugène Cavaignac was born the son of the politician Jean-Baptiste Cavaignac and entered the 2nd Genieregiment in 1824 after completing his military studies , where he was promoted to captain in 1828 . In this capacity he took part in the Morea expedition . From 1832 he distinguished himself in battles against Abd el-Kader in Algeria and was promoted to Général de brigade in 1844 . He was in command of the province of Oran when he received the news of the beginning of the February Revolution and at the same time his promotion to Général de division . He was also appointed governor of Algiers .
After his election to the National Assembly , Cavaignac traveled to Paris. The Provisional Government offered him the War Ministry several times ; but he refused. He briefly took over this department twice: from March 20 to April 5 and from May 17 to June 28, 1848. During the second period he was a member of the Commission exécutive de la République française under François Arago .
When the June uprising broke out on June 23, 1848 after the dissolution of the National Workshops in Paris , the National Assembly gave Cavaignac supreme command of the troops that were supposed to put down the uprising on June 24. During the four days of street fighting he cracked down on the insurgents with great severity. It is estimated that between 3,000 and 5,000 workers were killed and another 15,000 were deported to penal camps or overseas colonies. The government troops recorded around 1,600 deaths. After the uprising was put down, the National Assembly unanimously elected him Prime Minister (French: président du Conseil des ministres ) on June 28th . He refused the marshal's baton offered to him.
Cavaignac was defeated on December 10, 1848 in the presidential election with 1.5 million against 5.5 million votes to his opponent Louis Napoleon . On December 20, 1848, he handed over the government to Napoleon; thus ended the term of office of the Gouvernement du général Cavaignac .
The Lot department re- elected him to the legislature, where he and some like-minded members formed the republican left center. During the coup d'état on December 2, 1851 , Cavaignac was also arrested, but soon released. Thereupon he took his leave of the army and left France for a few months . In the parliamentary elections in 1852 (February 29 and March 14) he was elected to the Legislative Assembly to represent the city of Paris. When he was re-elected in the parliamentary elections in 1857 (June 21 and July 5), he refused entry because he did not want to take the oath on the new constitution of the Second French Empire .
From then on, Cavaignac lived in seclusion at his castle Ournes near Flée in the Sarthe department. He died suddenly on October 28, 1857.
Works
- De la régence d'Alger, note sur l'occupation . Victor Magen, Paris 1839
literature
- Auguste Deschamps: Eugène Cavaignac . 2 volumes, Librairie Internationale, Paris 1870
- Le Général Ibos: Le Général Cavaignac: Un dictateur republicain . Hachette, Paris 1930 (coll. "Figures du Passé")
- Frederick A. de Luna: The French Republic and Cavaignac . University Press, Princeton, NJ 1969
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Philippe le Bas: Dictionnaire encyclopédique de la France , Volume 4 (1841), page 319ff.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
|
Jacques Gervais, baron Subervie Jean-Baptiste Adolphe Charras |
Minister of War of France March 20, 1848–5. April 1848 May 17, 1848-28. June 1848 |
François Arago Louis Juchault de Lamoricière |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cavaignac, Louis-Eugène |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French general and minister of war |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 15, 1802 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 28, 1857 |
| Place of death | near Flée , Département Sarthe |