Louis Fargue

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Louis-Jérôme Fargue-Dioque (born May 20, 1827 in Verdun , † February 24, 1910 in Nérac , Lot-et-Garonne ) was a French engineer and hydraulic engineer who established a formula for river meanders and is still valid today, although he was strongly in It has been forgotten as the founder of experimental flow technology.

Life

Louis Fargue began his studies in 1847 at the École polytechnique and was only accepted into the Corps des ingénieurs des ponts et chaussées in 1849 due to the unrest in Paris . In 1852 he was promoted to engineer and transferred to the Garonne . From 1864 to 1868 he was employed in the surveying corps for the railway project between Toulouse and Bordeaux . He then worked for the Garonne Naval Office in Bordeaux.

His engineering career was interrupted by the Franco-Prussian War and Fargue was drafted into the military. He ended his military career as a colonel . Fargue was promoted to chief engineer in 1875 for his services in hydraulic engineering. With the promotion he became head of the Naval Office of the Gironde River . He was responsible for the construction of the port and the maintenance of the course of the river below Bordeaux. In 1885 he was appointed inspector general for bridges and roads. He moved back to Paris because his canal project near Bordeaux was not well received. In Paris he was director of the canal department and was primarily concerned with the navigability of the Seine. At the end of his career, upon retirement in 1887, Fargue was First Class Inspector General and Chief Councilor for Bridges and Roads.

Louis Fargue is the father of Léon-Paul Fargue .

research

Based on his investigations on a 22 km long stretch of river with 17 meanders of the Garonne in Bordeaux , he researched the laws of the curvature behavior of rivers.

The Garonne River had an average width of around 180 meters and a flow rate of around 700 m³ / s. At a time when many rivers were being straightened , he warned of the consequences and drew up six laws about the curve parameters of rivers:

  1. The basins of the pools lie two river widths downstream from the apex of curvature
  2. Fords lie one width of the river downstream from the turning points of the river bend
  3. The depth of the pool is proportional to the curvature of the curve
  4. A steady valley path only occurs when the river's curves merge
  5. The arcs should have a constantly changing radius ( clotoid ).
  6. The widths of the river are smallest at the turning point and largest at the vertices of the bend.

The most important principle for the design of rivers in the context of renaturation measures is therefore not to use strict geometric shapes.

Fargue's laws are still today the basis of assessment for the renaturation of rivers.

Honors

  • During his lifetime he was made an officer of the Legion of Honor .
  • A tugboat was baptized in his name in his honor.
  • A sewage treatment plant near Bordeaux is named after Louis Fargue.

Works

  • Hydraulique fluviale: La forme du lit des rivières a fond mobile, Gauthier-Villars, imprimeur-libraire, 1908
  • Ernest Cézanne, Notice Biographique, Tours, Alfred Mame et Fils, Imprimeurs, 1878

literature

  • Author: Etude sur la corrélation entre la configuration du lit et la profondeur d'eau dans les rivières à fond mobile . In: Editor (Ed.): Annales des ponts et chaussées . 1868.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bulletin de la Société d'études des Hautes-Alpes in the Bibliothèque nationale de France , page 292, accessed on April 7, 2016
  2. ^ Modern Poets of France Digitalisat , page 402, accessed April 8, 2016
  3. ^ Obituary in Actes de l'Académie nationale des sciences digitalisat , page 27., accessed on April 7, 2016
  4. ↑ Techniques et sciences municipales, l'Eau Digitalisat , page 180, accessed on April 7, 2016
  5. ↑ lyonnaise des eaux HP of the operator , accessed on April 7, 2016
  6. ↑ Google Books Hydraulique fluviale , accessed April 7, 2016
  7. ↑ in the Bibliothèque nationale de France Ernest Cézanne , accessed on April 7, 2016
personal data
SURNAME Fargue, Louis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fargue-Dioque, Louis-Jérôme (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French hydraulic engineer
DATE OF BIRTH May 20, 1827
PLACE OF BIRTH Verdun
DATE OF DEATH February 24, 1910
Place of death Nérac