Ludwig Lange (physicist)

Gustav Ludwig Lange (born June 21, 1863 in Gießen ; † July 12, 1936 in Weinsberg ) was a German physicist and psychologist .

Life

Gustav Ludwig Lange was born in Gießen in 1863 as the son of the classical philologist Christian Conrad Ludwig Lange . From 1873 he attended the humanistic St. Thomas School in Leipzig . From 1882 to 1885 he studied mathematics , physics , psychology , epistemology and ethics at the University of Leipzig and the University of Gießen . In Leipzig he was Wilhelm Wundt's assistant at the Institute for Experimental Psychology from 1885 to 1887 .

In 1886 he was promoted to Dr. phil. PhD. After that he dealt with photography for many years . He attended technical schools in Grönenbach and Vienna . In 1890 he opened a studio in Göttingen , which was moved to Elberfeld in 1892 . After that he lived as a private scholar in Heilbronn. Lange suffered from manic depression from 1887 , was treated in several clinics and died in 1936 in the Weissenhof sanatorium near Weinsberg.

Scientific work

In 1888 he carried out the first volitional psychological experiment in Leipzig .

Lange became particularly well-known for the introduction of operational terms such as inertial system and inertial time scale (1885), which he wanted to replace Newton's "absolute space and absolute time". He followed previous attempts by Carl Gottfried Neumann ( body alpha ) or Heinrich Streintz ( fundamental body ). Lange's draft was later of great importance for the formulation of relativistic mechanics , in which this definition was further developed. Long definition was:

"Inertial system is called a system of the nature that, with reference to it, the continuously described paths converging at one point of three points projected at the same time from the same spatial points and immediately left to one another (but which should not lie in a straight line) are all straight."

Fonts (selection)

Again about the law of inertia . In: Philosophical Studies 2 (1885), 539-545.
On the scientific version of the Galilean law of inertia . In: Philosophical Studies 2 (1885), 266–297.
The historical development of the concept of movement and its probable end result . In: Philosophical Studies 3 (1886), 337–419.
New experiments on the process of the simple reaction to sensory impressions, first article . In: Philosophical Studies 4 (1988), 479-510.
A chronograph and control unit for very precise time measurements . In: Philosophical Studies 4 (1988), 457-470.
About the principle of measure of psychophysics and the algorithm of the perceptual quantities . In: Philosophical Studies 10 (1894), 125–139.
The inertial system in front of the forum for natural research . In: Philosophical Studies 20 (1902), 1–71.

literature

Max von Laue : Dr. Ludwig Lange (1863-1936). A wrongly forgotten. In: Die Naturwissenschaften 35 (1948) 7, 193–196. doi : 10.1007 / BF00597603
Max von Laue: Lange, Ludwig. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 551 f. ( Digitized version ).

Individual evidence

↑ Jutta Heckhausen, Heinz Heckhausen : Motivation And Action. 4th edition, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-12692-5 , p. 17.

personal data
SURNAME	Lange, Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Lange, Gustav Ludwig (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German physicist and psychologist
DATE OF BIRTH	June 21, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH	to water
DATE OF DEATH	July 12, 1936
Place of death	Weinberg

[1] Jutta Heckhausen, Heinz Heckhausen : Motivation And Action. 4th edition, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-12692-5 , p. 17.