Luigi Capponi
Luigi Capponi , also Luigi di Giampietro , Luigi di Pietro , Aloysius Petri Capponis de Mediolano , (* around 1450 in Milan , † after 1506 ) was an Italian sculptor of the early Renaissance in the late 15th century. His works can be traced back to Rome and he was active in numerous churches with two important sculptors of his time, Andrea Bregno and Mino da Fiesole .
Life
Nothing is known about his youth and his education. Since the stylistic influences of Lombardy, especially the workshop of Giovanni Antonio Amadeo , can be seen in his works in Rome , he could have received his training in one of the large workshops in Lombardy, such as the Milan Cathedral or the Certosa di Pavia .
The artist is mentioned in documents in contracts for two works: for the first time on July 8, 1485 in the contract for the tomb monument of Archbishop Francesco Brusati in San Clemente in Rome, who jointly owned the "Magistrii marmorarii" Jacobus Dominici de la Pietra de Carraria and Aloysius Petri Capponis de Mediolano mentioned. The tomb belongs to the common type of wall tomb in the Roman Quattrocento, which shows the deceased lying on a sarcophagus in the middle of a decorated wall niche. The design is largely based on the tomb of Christoforo della Rovere in Santa Maria del Popolo in Rome, created by Andrea Bregno in 1478 . The stylistic proximity to Andrea Bregno suggests that Capponi worked in Rome in the vicinity. Bregno had already worked with Giovanni Dalmata in 1476 in San Clemente, on the grave monument of Cardinal Bartolomeo Roverella. The second document, dated March 8, 1496, concerns an altar in the Roman church of Santa Maria della Consoliazione , where Capponi undertakes to create a marble tablet with Christ crucified between Mary and John the Evangelist within nine months for 87 ducats. The artist's ability to express emotions is evident in the figures of Maria and Johannes. A determination by the client Michele Bostarono de Martino was that the heads of Mary and John should be at the level of the feet of the crucified, which clearly emphasizes the horizontal hierarchy of the altar in contrast to earlier works.
An important work by Capponi, attributed to him on the basis of stylistic comparisons, is the grave monument of the brothers Antonio († 1498) and Michele Bonsi in the vestibule of San Gregorio Magno in Rome, which shows the portraits of the deceased as busts. The tomb of the protonotary Lorenzo Oddone Colonna († 1484) in the vestibule of the Santi XII Apostoli is also attributable to him. Both show the typological reception of antiquity by the imago clipeata . The use of portrait busts also refers to Capponi's place of origin, Milan, where busts have long been placed in the context of architecture and decoration. Another work, probably commissioned by Michele Bonsi (initials MB), is an antependium on the altar of San Gregorio Magno with three scenes from the life of St. Gregor . The two standing angels of the Musei Vaticani , which come from the Roman church of San Lorenzo in Piscibus, are cited as an example of Capponi's influence and the fact that he probably had his own workshop . They lean closely against the two angels of the Bonsi tomb, which flank the central relief with the representation of the Madonna and the child. The angels of the Bonsi Monument, however, show greater determination and individuality, whereas the angels of the Vatican Museums are calmer and more passive, ultimately less inspired. Their original function is unknown; since they hold palm branches in their hands, it is likely that they belonged to the grave monument of a saint.
Works
The following works were created by Luigi Capponi according to existing contracts:
- Archbishop Francesco Brusati's funerary monument in San Clemente , Rome (1485)
- Marble plaque depicting Christ crucified between Mary and John the Evangelist (fig.) In Santa Maria della Consolazione , Rome (1496)
Since only relatively few artist names are known from the archives for the large number of plastic works in the Roman Quattrocento, a number of works were ascribed to Capponi - many of these ascriptions seem difficult to maintain. The following works are assigned to Luigi Capponi, his workshop or school - often in collaboration with Giovanni Dalmata or with the workshop of Andrea Bregno :
- Grave monument for the humanist Agostino Maffei (right) (fig.) And the grave monument for Benedetto Maffei (left) in Santa Maria sopra Minerva , Rome, Cappella Grazioli (1494 and 1496)
- Grave monument of the brothers Antonio († 1498) and Michele Bonsi (fig.) In the vestibule of San Gregorio Magno , Rome
- Tomb of the protonotary Lorenzo Oddone Colonna (Fig.) († 1484) in the vestibule of the Santi XII Apostoli , Rome
- Wall ciborium in the Bode Museum , Berlin
- Crucifixion relief (fig.) In the vestibule of the left side exit of Sant 'Agostino , Rome
- Relief of the Evangelist John with the kneeling Pope Leo I in San Giovanni in Laterano , Rome, Cappella Giovanni Evangelista, as well as the Saints John the Baptist (Fig.) And John the Evangelist (Fig.) On behalf of the founder Guillaume de Perriers - in Collaboration with Andrea Bregno?
- Altar relief with scenes from the life of St. Gregory (fig.) In San Gregorio Magna, Rome (before 1498)
- Portal with Madonna relief (ill.) From the former Ospedale della Consolazione; now over the entrance to the police station.
- Parts of an altarpiece for the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore , Rome, commissioned by the founder Guillaume de Perriers (1490). Saints Jerome, Bernhard and Maria are now in the small sacristy of the church.
- Tabernacle (fig.) In Santa Maria Monserrato , Rome
- Marble triptych (fig.) With St. Augustine, the Virgin Mary and St. Caterina of Alexandria (1497) on behalf of the founder Guillaume de Perriers, today in the corridor of Santa Maria del Popolo - Capponi collaborated in the workshop of Andrea Bregno?
- Tomb of Bishop Giovanni Andrea Bocciaccio (fig.) In the cloister of the Church of Santa Maria della Pace , Rome (1497)
- Tomb of Antonio and Pietro Pollaiuolo (fig.) In San Pietro in Vincoli , Rome (after 1498)
- Tabernacle (fig.) In Santi Quattro Coronati , Rome
- Two standing angels in the Musei Vaticani
- Eight tondi for the altar of St. Lance in St. Peter's Basilica , Vaticane grotto
- Grave monument for Andrea Bregno in Santa Maria sopra Minerva , Rome (1506)
Other works that may have been designed by the Lombard artist:
- Grave monument of Costanza Ammanati (fig.) (1477); Sant'Agostino (former cloister), Rome.
- Jacobus the Elder (fig.) In the right aisle of San Giovanni in Laterano
literature
- J. Röll: Article in: General Artists Dictionary. The visual artists of all times and peoples. Volume 16, edited by Andreas Beyer . De Gruyter, Munich / Berlin 1997, ISBN 978-3-598-22756-1 .
- Giovanna Casadei: Capponi, Luigi. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 19: Cappi-Cardona. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1976.
- D. Gnoli: Luigi Capponi da Milano - scultore. Archivio storico dell'Arte - Anno VI, Fasc. II. (1893).
- Wilhelm von Bode : The Italian sculpture. Walter de Gruyter, Handbooks of the Berlin State Museums, 1911.
- Gesa Schütz-Rautenberg: artist tombs of the 15th and 16th centuries in Italy. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Vienna 1978, ISBN 3-412-00478-2 . (Dissertation)
- Guida d'Italia Roma. Touring Club Italiano, 2006, ISBN 88-365-4134-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ according to De Gruyter - General Artist Lexicon
- ^ Treccani, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Vol 19 (1976)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Capponi, Luigi |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Luigi di Giampietro; Luigi di Pietro; Aloysius Petri Capponis de Mediolano |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian sculptor of the early Renaissance |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1450 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Milan |
| DATE OF DEATH | after 1506 |