Luisenfriedhof I

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The Protestant Luisenfriedhof I , also known as the Alter Luisenfriedhof , in the Berlin district of Charlottenburg, has been a cemetery that has been in existence since 1815 and covers an area of ​​1.33  hectares . The entire cemetery is a listed building .

history

At the beginning of the 19th century, burials in the immediate vicinity of the churches were abandoned for hygienic reasons. Therefore, in 1815, Charlottenburg laid a new cemetery east of the Lietzow village center. The court gardener Georg Steiner was entrusted with the design . Steiner laid out a park cemetery on the former arable land , combining elements of the landscape with circles and ellipses. The first burial in the new cemetery took place on July 16, 1815.

By the middle of the 19th century, the cemetery was enlarged by including neighboring arable land and adapted to the increasing need for burial places, combined with the increasing number of Charlottenburg's population. In 1853, a house for the gravedigger was built on a parcel on the western edge of the cemetery and in 1854 a mortuary hall was built on the east side of the cemetery . Already at this point in time around the middle of the 19th century, Steiner's design was largely overgrown and from 1856 the cemetery was redesigned, which was mainly geared towards efficient use of space.

Interior view of the Ida von Blücher mausoleum from 1905

In the 1880s the development of Charlottenburg reached the cemetery and in 1884 it was closed according to the General Prussian Land Law . The owners of already reserved grave sites and hereditary burials were not affected by this. The Luisenfriedhof II opened in 1867 and the Luisenfriedhof III opened in 1891 served as replacements . In 1913, cemetery land in the south of Luisenfriedhof I was assigned for the expansion of the Kaiserin-Augusta-Gymnasium (today Ludwig-Cauer-Grundschule).

After cremation was legalized in Prussia , the cemetery was reopened exclusively for cremations in 1926 after an urn grove had been created.

The cemetery became more famous in 1930 when a shaft was discovered that the Sass brothers had dug to deposit their loot from a spectacular bank robbery.

In view of the large number of deaths at the end of the Second World War , including among the civilian population, burial was again permitted in 1945. There are two systems for war dead. The first war cemetery is located to the right of the main path in Block BI. Further on to the right, in the rear cemetery area in block AE, is the second war cemetery. A total of 240 war victims rest in the cemetery.

The death hall from 1854 was badly damaged in the war, then demolished and replaced by a simple new building in the post-war period. At this time, many culturally and historically significant graves were leveled or rededicated. The Protestant School in Charlottenburg, which was newly built in the 1960s, was built entirely on former cemetery land. This is located on a large part of the original cemetery area from 1815. When the school was built, the cemetery entrance had to be relocated.

Works of art

Mausoleum Ida von Blücher

Mausoleum Ida von Blücher

The mausoleum of canon Ida von Blücher is the most valuable of the monumental tombs that have been preserved in terms of art history. It was built from Swedish granite between 1900 and 1905 according to a design by Paul Wittig . Wittig designed a building that tapers towards the top and is crowned by a massive dome with three dormers . The entrance is flanked by two pillars and above it is the decorated family coat of arms of the Bluchers as a large relief .

The interior is clad in marble and is dominated by a marble coffin. The inside of the dome is lined with golden mosaic , in which a cross and an inscription are incorporated above the coffin.

Mausoleum Kill Marr

A sandstone mausoleum was built on a square floor plan for Baron George Kill Mar. The mausoleum is crowned with a dome clad in sheet zinc. In front of the mausoleum there is an obelisk in neo-baroque form with the dates of Kill Mars as well as a family crypt. The master builder Georg Römer made the designs for the tomb . As a part of the overall monument complex, the mausoleum is a listed building.

Well-known personalities buried

Hereditary funeral March

(* = Honor grave of the state of Berlin)

literature

  • Birgit Jochens, Herbert May: The cemeteries in Berlin-Charlottenburg / History of the cemetery facilities and their tomb culture . Stapp Verlag, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-87776-056-2 .
  • Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin tombs . Haude & Spener, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-7759-0476-X .

Web links

Commons : Luisenfriedhof I  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ List of Berlin cemeteries of the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development
  2. ↑ a b Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
  3. ↑ Jochens / May, p. 39
  4. ↑ Jochens / May, p. 42
  5. ↑ a b The Luisenfriedhof I in Berlin: Building History ( Memento from February 10, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) on the website of the Fraunhofer Information Center for Space and Building
  6. ↑ Ekkehard Schwerk: The master thieves of Berlin / The 'Golden Twenties' of the Sass brothers . Berlin 1984, p. 71ff
  7. ↑ Jochens / May, p. 44
  8. ↑ Jochens / May, p. 172
  9. ↑ Honorary graves of the State of Berlin (as of October 2016) (PDF; 566 kB)

Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 1 ″  N , 13 ° 18 ′ 57.2 ″  E