Lukas von Graben zum Stein

Coat of arms Lukas von Graben zum Stein

Lukas von Graben zum Stein (until 1500 Lukas von Graben ) († 1550 at Stein Castle ) was a Carinthian-Görzian nobleman and high military officer of the Görz counts and the Habsburgs . He came from the Sommeregger line of Von Graben , whose members held important offices at the time of the last Counts of Gorizia , and through whose work the Renaissance culture found its way into East Tyrol.

Life

family

Lukas von Graben was born as the son of the important nobleman Virgil von Graben , imperial administrator of the county of Gorizia at the family seat of Burg Sommeregg . One of his cousins ​​was Ladislaus Prager , Hereditary Marshal of Carinthia and chamberlain of Emperor Friedrich III. According to Bucelin, Lukas von Graben was married to a daughter of Georg Hellssen, with whom he had three daughters and two sons who inherited the Stein rule:

• Margaretha von Graben zum Stein, married to Leopold Göstels von Mülbach (1542)
• N von Graben zum Stein, married N von Moors
• Catharina von Graben zum Stein, married Christoph Mühlsteuers in Flaschberg in 1540
• Hans von Graben zum Stein d. Ä. († 1587/91), Mr. von Stein
• Georg von Graben zum Stein (called 1570; † 1595), Herr von Stein; married to Kunigunde (née Von Gendorf , widowed Von Vasold ) no descendants; Mr. von Stein

Lukas von Graben could have acted as the builder of the benefit church St. Michael in Lienz in 1500, which is proven by various invoice documents, also to Bartlmä Firtaler . The church subsequently served as a burial place for the Lords of Graben in Lienz and on Sommeregg.

heritage

Lukas von Graben inherited from his father the Heinfels (Viscount and knights), the castle Schwarzenegk on Karst ( Crni Lug in Slovenia), as well as the rule and the Schloss Stein im Drautal telling him in 1500 by the later Emperor I. Maximilian together the addition to the name Zum Stein was assigned, Stein remained in the family until 1668.

The important dominion of Sommeregg (burgraves and lords of Sommeregg) was lost to the Von Graben family through inheritance. It passed to Lukas von Graben's cousin Rosina von Graben von Rain and to the barons von Rain zu Sommeregg .

Career

Battle for the Gorizian heritage

When the death of the last Count of Gorizia, Leonhard , loomed towards the end of the 15th century , a battle for the inheritance broke out between the two neighboring states, the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy and the Republic of Venice .

In 1498 Lukas von Graben was given command over the Görzer Burghut , the defense of the capital and residence town of Gorizia and the surrounding area, from his father Virgil . The Venetians tried to win Lukas von Graben for themselves, which the latter refused, also due to the strict guidelines of his father. The offer of the Council of Ten in Venice was to appoint Lukas von Graben as their commander-in-chief in Friuli . However, since Virgil von Graben terminated the contract with Venice on the succession in the county of Gorizia and negotiated with Emperor Maximilian, this appointment no longer came about. Equipped with precise instructions from his father, Lukas von Graben intervened in the war with the Republic of Venice as commander of the Görzischen troops. But since his attempts failed, Friuli and the city of Gorizia were handed over to the Venetian troops in 1500. A short time later, Gorizia was regained with imperial troops for Maximilian of Austria.

After the Görz succession in favor of the Habsburgs, the Venetians saw their failure only in the actions of Messrs. Virgil and Lukas von Graben . Judging by their immense merits, Lukas von Graben and his father were modestly rewarded.

In imperial service

In 1500, Emperor Maximilian presented his “faithful, dear” Lukas von Graben “with grace and vmb to earn his father’s sake for the sake of a long time heer and special yecz in conquering the country, as conceded by weylend Lienharten Görcz , bewysen ”, the“ Sloss Stain ”and its accessories, which the ruler“ made new things to lend ”to fiefdom. The enfranchisement with stone also gave rise to the new gender name of his line, Von Graben zum Stein . He was subsequently able to make the castle itself more spacious. Von Graben zum Stein was also enfeoffed by the emperor with the princely fief of Burg Weidenburg , which his son Hans von Graben zum Stein sold to Sigmund Khevenhüller zu Aichelberg in 1545 .

In 1507, after the death of his father, Lukas von Graben zum Stein inherited the Heinfels estate, which Count Leonhard von Görz had pledged to him . But already on February 24, 1508 he was asked to cede the castle, court and office of Heinfels with all affiliations to the Brixen prince-bishop Melchior von Meckau ; at the same time, all subjects were asked to obey the prince-bishop.

During the Venetian War of 1508 Von Graben zum Stein belonged to the Lienz War Chamber under Supreme Commissioner Erich I von Braunschweig-Lüneburg as the Supreme Provisioner .

Lukas of digging for stone was life in the favor of Emperor Maximilian, then that demanded on 25 October 1514 its instruction to the Krainer councils and the commissioners of the estates Krains that include "Our faithful prefer Lucas of Grabn for Stain at Traberg with 500 servants from Unser Grafschaft Tirol ”to reinforce the defense against the Republic of Venice .

Trivia

The fiefdom letter on parchment for Lukas von Graben issued with “Innsbruck, January 12th 1507” by Emperor Maximilian I , includes the award of four alpine pastures in the Carinthian lordships of Goldenstein and Weidenburg, located on both sides of the Gail between Kötschach and Hermagor. The fiefdom letter is in good condition, its folding is partially smoothed, with small, expertly deposited folds. The plica is trimmed. The small hand sign (“per regem per se”) and counter signatures were created by Blasius Höltzl and Jakob Villinger .

literature

• Rudolf Granichstaedten-Czerva (1948): Brixen - imperial principality and court.
• Johann Weichard Freiherr von Valvasor (1689): The honor of the duchy of Crain : that is, true, thorough, and very specific evidence and quality of this splendid Roman-Keyserial hereditary land ; Laybach (Ljubljana)

Web link

• Hermann Wiesflecker: The county of Gorizia and the rule of Lienz, their development and their inheritance to Austria (1500)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Meinrad Pizzinini: East Tyrol: The district of Lienz: his works of art, hist. Types of settlement (1974) p. 78
2. ↑ Germania topo-chrono-stemmato-graphica sacra et prophan, p. 13; by Gabriel Bucelin. Ulm 1662
3. ↑ Google books: Kärntner Burgenkunde: References to sources and literature on the historical and legal position of castles, palaces and residences in Carinthia and their owners. P. 142
4. ^ City of Lienz. A cultural and historical city tour ( memento of the original dated December 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ Stein Castle
6. ^ Hermann Wiesflecker: The county of Görz and the rule of Lienz, their development and their inheritance to Austria (1500). P. 142
7. ^ Announcements from the Institute for Austrian Historical Research, Volume 56
8. ^ Publications of the Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, volumes 78-79
9. ^ Hermann Wiesflecker: The county of Görz and the rule of Lienz, their development and their inheritance to Austria (1500). Pp. 142, 144
10. ↑ Carinthia I., volumes 163-165
11. ^ Google: History Association for Carinthia. Archives for Patriotic History and Topography, Volume 78 (1997)
12. ↑ History of Heinfels Castle ( Memento from November 23, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
13. ^ Instructions from Maximilian I of March 3 or 5, 1508; Justin Göbler (ed.): Chronica of the war trade of ... Keyer and Prince Weyland of Mr. Maximiliani of the name of the first ... Egenolf, Frankfurt am Main 1566, pp. Ii – iiii ( Google Books ); Josef Chmel (arrangement): Documents, letters and pieces of files on the history of Maximilian I and his time . (Library of the Literary Association in Stuttgart 10). Literarischer Verein, Stuttgart 1845, No. CCXXI, pp. 290-295 ( Google Books ).
14. ^ Gerhard Kurzmann: Emperor Maximilian I and the warfare of the Austrian states and the empire . Österreichischer Bundesverlag, Vienna 1985, p. 58, note 71.
15. ↑ Fiefdom letter. Latin document on parchment. Maximilian I, Roman-German Emperor (1459-1519).