Made in China 2025

Made in China 2025 ( Chinese 中国制造 2025, Pinyin : Zhōngguó zhìzào 2025 ) is a strategic plan by Chinese Prime Minister Li Keqiang and the Chinese State Council from May 2015. The Center for Strategic and International Studies describes it as an “initiative to comprehensively upgrade the Chinese Industry ”, which was directly inspired by German Industry 4.0 . It is an attempt to bring the country's production into the value chain . The goals include increasing the domestic share of nuclear materials to 40% by 2020 and 70% by 2025. The plan targets high-tech areas, including the pharmaceutical industry , which are currently largely dominated by foreign companies. The Council on Foreign Relations believes this is a "real existential threat to US technology leadership". The government under Li Keqiang sees its plan in accordance with the requirements of the World Trade Organization (WTO) for the country.

Contents of Made in China 2025


year		Companies
2005	34
2006	40
2007	51
2008	61
2009	85
2010	91
2011	99
2012	119
2013	138
2014	165
2015	209
2016	309
2017	247
2018	196
2019	182
Chinese investments in Germany year, number of companies in Germany

China's transformation into an industrial power should take place in three phases. To this end, nine strategic goals were formulated and five national initiatives developed. Overall, the strategy focuses on ten key industries.

Strategic objective until 2049

According to the plan, China will, as the first phase, consolidate its manufacturing capacities and increase digitalization in manufacturing in the first step by 2020. In addition, core technologies are mastered in the key industries in markets in which China is a leader, competitive advantages are expanded accordingly and product quality is improved. By 2025, the overall quality of manufacturing will be significantly improved, China's position as a manufacturing nation will be strengthened, innovation capacity will be significantly increased and the integration of IT in industry will be increased. The energy and material consumption as well as the pollutant emissions in key industries should reach the level of a developed economy.

In the second step by 2035, China has the goal of placing itself in the middle of the industrial powers, achieving major breakthroughs in the main areas and significantly expanding its general competitiveness. In the last step until 2049, the 100th anniversary of the People's Republic, China should be at the top of the world as a leading industrial nation. By then, China will have the ability to innovate and develop advanced technologies and industrial systems.

Strategic tasks and key industries

In order to transform itself into an industrial power, China relies on development and progress in the following ten key industries: (1) Machinery for agriculture; (2) shipbuilding and marine engineering ; (3) energy saving and electromobility ; (4) new generation information and communication technologies ; (5) high-end controlled machine tool systems and robot technology ; (6) electricity systems; (7) Systems for aerospace technology ; (8) new materials and materials; (9) modern systems for rail transport and (10) biomedicine and high-performance medical devices.

In addition, the following nine strategic tasks were formulated: 1.) Increasing the capacity for innovation in the manufacturing industry 2.) More intensive integration of information technologies into industry 3.) Reinforcing basic industrial skills 4.) Improving brand and quality awareness of Chinese brands 5.) Promoting environmentally friendly Production 6.) Promotion of technological breakthroughs in the ten key industries 7.) Promotion of the restructuring of manufacturing industries, whereby the goal is no longer quantity, but quality 8.) Active development of service-oriented producers and service providers 9.) Development of the manufacturing industry international level

Five initiatives

Made in China 2025 has five national initiatives. The first initiative is to set up 15 new research and development centers by 2020 and 40 by 2025. These should lead to innovations and technological breakthroughs in the key areas. The centers are to be set up in cooperation with universities, research academies and companies.

The second initiative relates to the development of innovative high-end industrial projects in key industries. The aim is to conduct independent research and development in these sectors in order to achieve growth in the Chinese market share of intellectual property for high quality devices by 2025.

The third initiative provides for the development of projects with a focus on green manufacturing / environmentally friendly production. Projects are to be undertaken to increase energy efficiency and reduce the use of resources. Furthermore, the environment should be protected. The aim is to build 1,000 green companies and 100 green parks by 2020 and to reduce emissions by 20%. By 2025, energy consumption should correspond to that of an advanced global standard.

The fourth initiative aims to develop projects that focus on smart manufacturing. Leading Chinese companies will contribute to the development and optimization of smart manufacturing techniques, adapting the supply chain and digitizing factories. The aim is to reduce operating costs, production time and failure rates by 30% by 2020 and then to 50% by 2025.

The last initiative focuses on strengthening the industrial base. For this purpose, four research centers are to be established in order to accelerate the development of materials, industrial core components and technologies. The aim of the initiative is to increase self-sufficiency for core materials and components in key industries to 40% by 2020 and to 70% by 2025.

Pilot cities

Test pilot cities serve as a measure for the implementation of the Made in China 2025 strategy. They are demonstration areas that serve as a test environment for political and institutional innovations. They should provide information about a possible creation of a suitable economic environment for the modernization and transformation of the manufacturing industry. They are also the starting point for Made in China 2025 to explore new paths in the manufacturing industry. According to the Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) Xin Guobin, each pilot city should rely on its own development status to implement the plan, rather than prioritizing industrial sectors.

The first Made in China 2025 pilot city was the coastal city of Ningbo in the southeast of Zhejiang Province due to its good industrial base. Other pilot cities include a. the capital of Sichuan Province Chengdu , the capital of Guangdong Province Guangzhou , Hefei and Wuhan .