Madhuca

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Madhuca
Madhuca longifolia in Madhya Pradesh, India

Madhuca longifolia in Madhya Pradesh , India

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Sapot family (Sapotaceae)
Genre : Madhuca
Scientific name
Madhuca
Ham. ex JFGmel.

Madhuca is a genus of plants in the family of the sapotaceae . The trees have leathery leaves arranged in a spiral and form berries as fruits. The natural range is in Australia, South and Southeast Asia. The flowers of at least one species are eaten or used to make alcoholic beverages.

description

Flowers of Madhuca longifolia var. Latifolia
Succulent flowers of Madhuca longifolia var. Latifolia

Madhuca is a genus of trees that contain latex . The leaves are arranged helically and often form tufts at the ends of the branches. The stipules are small to very large and fall off early in most species. The leaf blade is slightly leathery to leathery.

The flowers grow axillary or sometimes terminally individually or in clusters, usually on long pedicels. The usually four rarely to six sepals are arranged in two whorls . The outer sepals are usually hirsute, the inner ones often have membranous and ciliate edges. The corolla is cylindrical and partly hairy. Usually eight are formed, rarely from five to 18 corolla lobes. The stamens grow in one to three whorls and are hairy or bald or tomentose. Staminodes are absent. The ovary is usually downy hairy, usually six to eight-fold and rarely up to twelve-fold. The stylus is subtle and permanent.

The fruits are spherical to elliptical berries with an enlarged, permanent calyx. One to four seeds are formed per berry .

distribution

The natural range is in Australia, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, the Philippines and Sri Lanka, in Thailand, Vietnam and China.

Systematics

Madhuca is a genus in the family of sapotaceae (Sapotaceae). There it is assigned to the tribe Sapoteae in the subfamily Sapotoideae. It was in 1791 by Johann Friedrich Gmelin scientifically valid first described . The generic name Madhuca is derived from the ancient Indian mádhu for "honey" or "mead". It refers to the alcoholic drink made from the succulent flowers of Madhuca longifolia .

According to the Plant List and WCSP, the genus comprises 115 species:

Species list

use

The succulent flowers of Madhuca longifolia are eaten raw or cooked or, in India, made into an alcoholic drink.

swell

literature

  • Shu-kang Lee, TD Pennington: Sapotaceae . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 15: Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1 , pp. 205-214 (English).
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 360 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Shu-kang Lee, TD Pennington , p. 205. - Madhuca - Online
  2. ↑ Madhuca . In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed November 18, 2012 .
  3. ↑ a b Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 360
  4. ↑ Madhuca. In: The Plant List. Retrieved November 18, 2012 .
  5. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Degeneria. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 28, 2017.

Web links

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