Madurese language

Madura
Spoken in	Indonesia , Singapore
speaker	13,694,000 in Indonesia (1995)
Linguistic ; classification	Austronesian languages Malayo-Polynesian languages West Malayo Polynesian languages; ; Maduresich ;
Official status
Official language in	-
Language codes
ISO 639 -1	-
ISO 639 -2	mad
ISO 639-3	mad

The Madurese language (Indonesian: Bahasa Madura , own name: Basa Madhura ) is a language spoken on the Indonesian island of Madura and on some islands in the eastern part of the province of East Java . The Maduresische is closely related to the language Kangean (the latter is also considered as a dialect of Maduresischen); both belong to the western branch of the Malayo-Polynesian group of the Austronesian language family . Maduresich was traditionally written in the Javanese script, but the Latin alphabet is more common today. The number of speakers, although decreasing, is estimated at 8-10 million.

The Madurese is closely related to the Madurese ethnic group .

Phonology

Madura in Javanese script

Consonants

		labial	dental / alveolar	retroflex	palatal	velar	glottal
Plosives	unvoiced	p	t	ʈ	c	k	ʔ
	aspirated	pʰ	tʰ	ʈʰ	cʰ	kʰ
	voiced	b	d	ɖ	ɟ	G
Nasals		m	n		ɲ	ŋ
Fricatives		(f)	s				(H)
Liquid			l, r
Sliding sounds		(w)			(j)	(w)

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Closed	i	ɨ	u
Half closed		ɤ
center	ɛ	ə	ɔ
Open		a

grammar

Nouns in Madurese have no grammatical gender and are pluralized through reduplication. The basic word order is SVO. Negation is expressed through a negation particle in front of verbs, adjectives, or noun phrases. As in other, similar languages, there are different particles of negation for different types of negation.

morphology

The Maduresische known as basic word formation processes affixation and reduplication . In addition to prefixes and suffixes, circum- and a few infixes also exist.

Language examples

Article 2, paragraph 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights reads in Madurese:

Sabban oreng agaduwi sadajana hak sareng kebebasan-kebebasan se kasebbut edhalem parnyataan ka'dinto kalaban ta 'abida'agi masalah ras, barnana kole', lake-bine, basa, agama, politics otaba drajat sosial, laak milikabad,.

Common words

Man: Lalake
Woman: Babine
Yes: iya
No: enja
Water: aeng
Sun: are
Good: tello '

Web links

Test Wikipedia on Madura

Language example in the Language Museum (English)
Madura in Ethnologue (English)
Madura in Rosetta Project (English)

Individual evidence

↑ K. Alexander Adelaar & Nikolaus Himmelmann: The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar . Routledge, London 2005, ISBN 0-7007-1286-0 .
^ ^A ^b ^c William D. Davies: A Grammar of Madurese . De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin 2010.

[1] K. Alexander Adelaar & Nikolaus Himmelmann: The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar . Routledge, London 2005, ISBN 0-7007-1286-0 .

[:0-2] A ^b ^c William D. Davies: A Grammar of Madurese . De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin 2010.