Malania oleifera
| Malania oleifera | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Malania | ||||||||||||
| Chun & SKLee | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Malania oleifera | ||||||||||||
| Chun & SKLee |
Malania oleifera is the only species of the monotypic plant genus Malania in the family of the Olacaceae . This endangered species occurs only in a relatively small area in China.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Malania oleifera is a tree that reaches heights of 10 to 20 meters. The brown bark of the twigs is scattered with lenticels .
The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 1 to 2 inches long. The simple, thick to more or less leathery leaf blade is elliptical to elliptical-lanceolate with a length of 7 to 15 centimeters and a width of 2.5 to 6 centimeters .
Generative characteristics
The inflorescence shaft is 1 to 2.5 millimeters long. The golden inflorescence contains 10 to 15 flowers. The flower stalk is 5 to 7 millimeters long.
The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and usually four, rarely five-fold. with double flower envelope . The greenish petals are broad-egg-shaped with a length of about 3 millimeters. There are eight or ten stamens .
The drupes are flattened or pear-shaped with a diameter of 3 to 4.5 centimeters. Due to the relatively high weight of the seeds of 30 to 40 g, the ability of the trees to spread is rather low.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 26.
Occurrence and endangerment
The rare Malania oleifera thrives in forests and on slopes in the tropical karst at altitudes of 300 to 1700 meters. In China, it is found scattered in western Guangxi and southeastern Yunnan . The population only occurs in this small area in China and was rated in 1998 in the IUCN's red list of endangered species as “vulnerable” = “endangered”; renewed monitoring is necessary. The stocks have been greatly reduced by deforestation , also because the wood is of good quality.
In the largest distribution area of Guangnan, the population of Malania oleifera numbers around 40,000 specimens. A large population of Malania oleifera is under protection in the Longzhou Nature Reserve.
Systematics
The genus Malania Chun & SKLee was established in 1980 with the first description of Malania oleifera by Woon Young Chun and Shu Kang Lee in Bulletin of Botanical Laboratory of North-Eastern Forestry Institute , Volume 6, pp. 67-68.
Malania oleifera is the only species of the monotypic plant genus Malania in the family Olacaceae .
ingredients
The seed oil from Malania oleifera is known for its comparatively high content of nervonic acid .
swell
- Zhou et al .: Determination of fatty acids in Malania oleifera oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In: Chinese Journal of Chromatography , 2001.
- Huaxing Qiu, Michael G. Gilbert: Malania and Malania oleifera , p. 201 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27-X .
- Lu Shugang: The current status and the cause of the endangerment of Malania oleifera Chun et Lee in SE. Yunnan. PDF. (English, accessed on May 19, 2010; PDF; 219 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Huaxing Qiu, Michael G. Gilbert: Malania and Malania oleifera , p. 201 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27-X .
- ↑ Malania oleifera at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b Malania oleifera in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017.1. Posted by: W. Sun, 1998. Retrieved August 3, 2017.
- ↑ Malania oleifera at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 3, 2017.