Collar Swindler
| Collar Swindler | ||||||||||||
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Collared Schwindling ( Marasmius rotula ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Marasmius rotula | ||||||||||||
| ( Scop .: Fr. ) Fr. |
The Collared Schwindling ( Marasmius rotula ) is a type of mushroom from the family of vertigo relatives .
features
The hat reaches a diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 centimeters. It is colored white to fawn whitish. In the middle it has a grayish tint. The canopy is heavily grooved, giving it a parachute-like shape. The lamellas rise strongly and are pinned together to form a collar (collar) that runs around the tip of the stem.
The stem becomes two to five, sometimes seven centimeters long. It is thin and horn-like tough. Its surface is smooth and shiny, whitish under the lamellae. Later it becomes reddish brown and blackish with age.
The spores measure 8 to 10 (12) x 3.5 to 5 (5.5) micrometers. The cheilo cystid and cap skin elements are designed as brush cells.
Species delimitation
The typical possibility of confusion is the cheese mushroom ( Marasmius bulliardii ). It differs in its somewhat smaller and darker hats as well as its occurrence on fallen leaves. Occasionally, the needle cheese mushroom ( Marasmius wettsteinii ) is distinguished, which grows on needles. In addition, the lamellae are a little denser, and its stems never have lateral branches.
ecology
The collar swindler can be found in beech , oak-hornbeam and oak forests as well as in various forests, clearings and on the edges of forest paths. It colonizes fresh to moist, but also changeable soils. These are mostly basic or neutral, sometimes also moderately acidic and differently saturated in bases and nutrients.
The fungus lives as a saprobiont on fallen rotten branches and twigs. These are usually quite thin and can be barked or barked as well as buried. In rare cases it also grows on leaves or in the litter. The colonized substrates are primarily hardwoods, especially red beech ; it is less common on conifers such as the common spruce . The fruiting bodies usually appear in small groups between June and November. With appropriate weather conditions already from the end of April.
distribution
The collar dodger is common boreosubtropical to boreal . It can be found in the Holarctic as well as in North India, West Pakistan and Iran. In the Holarctic it can be found in North America, Europe including the Canary Islands and in North Asia ( Siberia , Japan). In Europe, the area extends from Great Britain and France in the west to Estonia and the Urals in Russia, as well as the Ukraine in the east and south to Spain, Italy, Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania and north to the Hebrides , Norway and Sweden. In Germany, the species is more or less dense, with regional densities.
swell
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 3: Mushrooms. Leaf mushrooms I. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3536-1 .
