Margarete Haimberger-Tanzer

Margarete Charlotte Haimberger-Tanzer (born May 25, 1916 in Vienna as Margarete Eisenstädter ; † 1987 ) was an Austrian lawyer, public prosecutor and judge . Haimberger-Tanzer was the first woman to work as a criminal judge at a court in the Republic of Austria , and one of the first female judges in Austrian legal history.

Origin, education and private life

Margarete Haimberger was born as the daughter of the kk court and court advocate Gustav Eisenstädter and his wife Margarete in the Viennese district of Währing , where she grew up. She attended grammar school in Vienna and began in 1936 at the Law Faculty of the University of Vienna the Study of Law . After Austria was annexed to the National Socialist German Reich in 1938, she was classified as a " 1st degree hybrid ". Although she was initially able to continue her studies until revoked at any time, she had to apply to the Reich Ministry of Education in Berlin for admission to study at the beginning of the 1st trimester 1940, her 7th semester . This decided on May 9, 1940 not to allow her to continue her studies and thus excluded her from studying. Margarete Haimberger was only able to finish her studies after the end of National Socialism in Austria . She wrote a dissertation on criminal law issue belings negligence shapes and the driving notion of admissibility by Beling and doctorate so with Professors Roland Graßberger and Alexander Hold Ferneck for Doctor of Law .

Margarete Haimberger was married twice: first, she married Kurt Tanzer. After his death in 1955, she married Georg Haimberger. She was the mother of two sons. Her son Hardy Eisenstädter , born in 1939 , later became a brigadier in the Federal Ministry of Defense, and Michael Tanzer , born in 1949, became an associate professor for financial law at the Faculty of Law at the University of Vienna.

Professional background

Immediately after completing her studies, Margarete Haimberger began her legal practice , where her interest in criminal law deepened. She initially worked as a trainee lawyer for the public prosecutor's office at the juvenile court , before in 1947 she was only the third woman to join the judicial preparatory service at the public prosecutor's office at the Vienna Regional Criminal Court as a trainee judge. In both activities she was initially not allowed to act as a representative at the meeting, as was usual for other trainee lawyers and judges at the time due to the prevailing staff shortage. The reason given was that she had to wear the gown to the meetings , which a woman could not do. From September 1946 at the Youth Court and from spring 1947 at the Regional Court for Criminal Matters, Haimberger was allowed to represent the public prosecutor's office after complaining about this situation to the Minister of Justice, the Chief Public Prosecutor and the Chief Public Prosecutor.

Finally, in 1950, Margarete Haimberger was the first woman to be appointed a criminal judge and was initially transferred to the Bad Ischl District Court . A year later she returned to the Vienna Regional Court for Criminal Matters, where she first became an investigating judge and in 1956 became the first woman to preside over a lay judge's hearing. In 1963, Margarete Tanzer returned to the Vienna Public Prosecutor's Office, where she was appointed First Public Prosecutor and promoted to group leader in 1965. Subsequently, she became the chief public prosecutor of the Vienna Public Prosecutor's Office and most recently in 1976 Vice-President of the Regional Court for Criminal Matters Vienna. She was politically committed to the legal anchoring of animal welfare, in women's issues and advocated the deadline solution for abortions . In 1974 she was awarded the professional title of Hofrat .

Publications

Margarete Haimberger: The lawyer in criminal justice . In: Federal Ministry of Justice (ed.): The lawyer in the justice. Meeting of the Federal Ministry of Justice on October 29 and 30, 1968 in the Schwechat School of Justice . 1968, p. 39-47 .

Individual evidence

^ Gabriele Schneider: Judges in Austria . In: juridikum . No. 4/2013 . Verlag Österreich , p. 502 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Ilse Korotin , Nastasja Stupnicki (ed.): Biographies of important Austrian scientists . Böhlau Verlag , 2018, ISBN 978-3-205-20238-7 , pp. 315 ( PDF download from oapen.org ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c Katharina Kniefacz: Margarete Charlotte Tanzer (Eisenstädter, Haimberger). In: Memorial Book for the Victims of National Socialism at the University of Vienna in 1938. University of Vienna , January 11, 2017, accessed on May 3, 2018 .
↑ Photo of Margarete Tanzer as the first presiding judge of a lay judge's hearing, April 1956 in the picture archive Austria of the Austrian National Library .
↑ Ilse Korotin (ed.): BiografıA. Lexicon of Austrian Women. Volume 2: I-O. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2016, ISBN 978-3-205-79590-2 , p. 1156.

personal data
SURNAME	Haimberger dancer, Margarete
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Haimberger dancer, Margarete Charlotte; Haimberger, Margarete (married name); Tanzer, Margarete (married name); Eisenstädter, Margarete (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Austrian lawyer, public prosecutor and judge
DATE OF BIRTH	May 25, 1916
PLACE OF BIRTH	Vienna
DATE OF DEATH	1987

[1] Gabriele Schneider: Judges in Austria . In: juridikum . No. 4/2013 . Verlag Österreich , p. 502 .

[Biographien-2] Ilse Korotin , Nastasja Stupnicki (ed.): Biographies of important Austrian scientists . Böhlau Verlag , 2018, ISBN 978-3-205-20238-7 , pp. 315 ( PDF download from oapen.org ).

[Gedenkbuch-3] Katharina Kniefacz: Margarete Charlotte Tanzer (Eisenstädter, Haimberger). In: Memorial Book for the Victims of National Socialism at the University of Vienna in 1938. University of Vienna , January 11, 2017, accessed on May 3, 2018 .

[4] Photo of Margarete Tanzer as the first presiding judge of a lay judge's hearing, April 1956 in the picture archive Austria of the Austrian National Library .

[5] Ilse Korotin (ed.): BiografıA. Lexicon of Austrian Women. Volume 2: I-O. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2016, ISBN 978-3-205-79590-2 , p. 1156.