Margaret of Durazzo

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Margarethe von Durazzo (Italian Margherita di Durazzo ; * July 28, 1347 ; † August 6, 1412 in Acquamela near Salerno ) was Queen of Naples (1381-1386) and Hungary (1385-1386). After the murder of her husband Karl III. from Naples she exercised the regency for her underage son Ladislaus from 1386 to 1393 .

Life

Margarethe was the fourth daughter of Charles , Duke of Durazzo, and his wife Maria of Calabria . She had a brother Ludwig, who died young, and three older sisters. In 1348 the Hungarian King Ludwig I had Margaret's father executed, whereupon Maria of Calabria fled to Avignon with her daughters, including Margarethe .

On January 24, 1370 Margaret's wedding to her cousin Karl von Durazzo took place in Naples . His father Ludwig von Durazzo and Margarethes father were brothers. After her marriage, Margarethe lived with her husband in Hungary. From 1376 to 1380 she resided in Naples. The couple had three children:

  • Maria (1370-1371)
  • Joan II (1373–1435), Queen of Naples 1414–1435
  • Ladislaus (1376–1414), King of Naples 1386–1414.

After Pope Urban VI. In 1380 the childless Johanna I had been deposed as Queen of Naples because of her support for the antipope Clement VII. On June 1, 1381 he invested Margaret's husband as Charles III. to the successor of Johannas. Troops from Margarethe and her husband now took the Kingdom of Naples. The couple were crowned on November 25, 1381 by Cardinal Gentile di Sangro . But it soon got competition from Ludwig I of Anjou , whom Johanna had made her adoptive son and heir. Before Charles III. left Naples on April 18, 1384 to protect his empire against the incursion of Ludwig, he appointed Margarethe regent. She held this position until January 1385. Ludwig von Anjou had died in September 1384, but Charles III. had also dealt with Urban VI. who excommunicated him and his wife in January 1385.

In September 1385 Charles III made himself. to Hungary to gain the crown of this empire. Again he left Margarethe, who had advised him against this step, as regent of Naples. As a result, he forced the abdication of Queen Maria and was crowned King of Hungary on December 31, 1385, but was murdered in February 1386 at the instigation of Mary's mother Elisabeth of Bosnia .

Margarethe, who had become a widow and did not enter into a second marriage in the remaining 26 years of her life, now exercised the guardianship of her underage son Ladislaus. Their rule was threatened by the claims made by Ludwig II of Anjou to the crown of Naples and by rebellious greats. In July 1387 she fled with Ladislaus to the solid Gaeta . Between the new Pope Boniface IX. and Margarethe a peace was then made, and with the help of Cardinal Angelo Acciaioli , Margarethe could continue to function as regent until July 1393.

In the last years of her life, Margarethe first moved to Salerno and then to Acquamela, where she died of the plague in 1412. She had become a devout Catholic and was buried in the Cathedral of Salerno .

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ marriage date by Salvatore Fodale, Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages , Vol. 6, Sp. 237th
predecessor Office Successor
Elisabeth of Bosnia Queen of Hungary
1385–1386 		Elisabeth of Luxembourg
personal data
SURNAME Margaret of Durazzo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Queen of Hungary and Naples
DATE OF BIRTH July 28, 1347
DATE OF DEATH August 6, 1412
Place of death Acquamela near Salerno