Marie Anderson

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Marie Anderson

Marie Anderson (born August 2, 1842 in The Hague , † 1912 or 1917 ), also Anna Maria Anderson , was a Dutch writer and suffragette .

In the German-speaking world, Anderson is best known as the correspondent of the humorous poet and draftsman Wilhelm Busch : From January to October 1875 there was an intensive correspondence between the two, in which the otherwise closed Wilhelm Busch discussed various questions such as rebirth , nationality, mother tongue, Original sin and Plato's allegory of the cave expressed. Marie Anderson's letters are not included in this correspondence, but Wilhelm Busch's letters have survived in copies and were published in 1908. Today they are an important source of Wilhelm Busch research.

Life

Marie Anderson was born in The Hague in 1842. Her mother, née van Goudoever , wrote books and magazine articles. Marie Anderson received a Protestant upbringing, but left the Church soon after her confirmation. She joined the Dutch Freethinkers Association and published regularly in the association's magazines. Marie Anderson was also involved in the women's movement , in the fight against colonialism and in animal welfare .

The possibly bisexual Marie Anderson was tall and slim, but with her irregular face did not correspond to conventional beauty ideals. Anderson lived for a few years in a commune with the then well-known Dutch writer Eduard Douwes Dekker , then got to know the polymath Frederic Antonius Hartsen , with whom she had contacted via letters, similar to Wilhelm Busch later. A son emerged from the relationship with Hartsen. However, Hartsen separated from Marie Anderson shortly after the birth. In 1872 she moved back to Dekker, who meanwhile lived in Wiesbaden . The years in Wiesbaden are among the most productive years in Marie Anderson's life. She wrote several novels and short stories, mostly dealing with historical subjects, as well as several non-fiction books, including one on prostitution .

In January 1875 she contacted Wilhelm Busch by letter. She was one of the few who praised Busch's criticism of the heart , and she also planned to review the book for a Dutch newspaper. Busch reacted euphorically to her letter; between January and October 1875 they exchanged over fifty letters. Anderson seems to have been a tireless questioner who motivated Busch to speak up on questions of philosophy, religion and morals. In October 1875 the two met in Mainz . After the excursion, Busch returned to his publisher Otto Friedrich Bassermann in Heidelberg in a terrible mood . From his memories it is known that several family members suspected the cause of Busch's conspicuous behavior in a failed bridal show. There is actually no evidence that Wilhelm Busch sought a closer relationship with a woman after contacting Marie Anderson. The correspondence was then continued for a while with a clear reserve and increasing intervals and ended altogether after three years.

The last contact with Busch by letter came in 1902. Anderson was a well-known feminist writer in the Netherlands at the time . After Dekker passed away in 1887, she concentrated entirely on her son Friedrich, who had become a musician. She was very offended by her son's marriage and was particularly involved in animal welfare.

Works

  • Open letter to Mevr. Storm-Van der Chijs. RC Meijer, Amsterdam 1868, ( digitized ).
  • as a contributor in: Geen Vrouwen-emancipatie? Een Woord aan Mevr. de Wed. Storm, vd Chijs. Naar Aanleiding van den Open Brief van zekere Mevr. Calmée. Door een Lid van het Xde Taal- en Letterkundig Congres. With a note about het Schrijven van Marie Anderson. CL Brinkman, Amsterdam 1868, ( digitized ).
  • Dr. F. van Goudoever (pseudonym for Anna Maria Anderson): De vrouw. Hair down, heden en toekomst. Bijdrage tot oplossing van het prostitutie-vraagstuk. A. van Klaveren, Amsterdam 1889.
  • Against the third sex. A word to educate about the contrary sexual sensation and the abolition of § 175 of the R. St. GB H. Bermühler, Berlin 1903.
  • as translator with Multatuli : Leopold von Sacher-Masoch : Maria Theresia en de vrijmetselaars. Historical novella. Van Marle, Arnhem 1876, (original edition: Maria Theresia and the Freemasons (= Viennese court stories. Historical novellas. Vol. 1). Günther, Leipzig 1873).
  • Veritas (pseudonym for Anna Maria Anderson): Multatuli wasps. A. van Klaveren, Amsterdam 1888, ( digitized ).
  • Uit Multatuli's leven. Bijdrage tot de kennis van zijn character. Daniëls, Amsterdam 1901, ( digitized version of “Derde Druk” ; reprint with introduction and comments by J. Kortenhorst. Reflex, Utrecht 1981).

literature

  • Wilhelm Busch : Wilhelm Busch to Maria Anderson. Seventy letters. Volckmann Nachf., Rostock 1908, ( digitized 2nd edition. 1908 ).
  • Wilhelm Busch: Platonic letters to a woman (= Insel-Bücherei. No. 358, ISSN  0233-1047 ). (Afterword and editor: Hans Balzer ). Insel-Verlag, Leipzig 1942.
  • Tristan Haan: Multatuli's Legioen van Insulinde. Marie Anderson, Dek en de others (= De nieuwe Engelbewaarder. 8). Lubberhuizen, Amsterdam 1995, ISBN 90-73978-26-2 .
  • Joseph Kraus: Wilhelm Busch. Represented with personal testimonies and photo documents (= Rowohlt's monographs. 50163). 17th edition. Rowohlt-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Reinbek near Hamburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-499-50163-0 .
  • Eva Weissweiler : Wilhelm Busch. The laughing pessimist. A biography. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2007, ISBN 978-3-462-03930-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Weissweiler, p. 236
  2. ^ Weissweiler, p. 237 and p. 238
  3. ↑ Kraus, p. 57
  4. ↑ Kraus, p. 58
  5. ^ A short letter from Wilhelm Busch dated October 1, 1875, contains an appointment for the 6th of the month
  6. ^ Weissweiler, p. 252 and p. 253
personal data
SURNAME Anderson, Marie
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Anderson, Anna Maria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch writer and women's rights activist
DATE OF BIRTH August 2, 1842
PLACE OF BIRTH The hague
DATE OF DEATH 1912 or 1917