Marienheim

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Marienheim
Large district town of Neuburg on the Danube
Coordinates: 48 ° 43 ′ 0 ″  N , 11 ° 12 ′ 52 ″  E
Residents : 477  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Postal code : 86633
Area code : 08431

Marienheim is a district of Neuburg an der Donau in the Upper Bavarian district of Neuburg-Schrobenhausen .

Marienheim used to be part of the municipality of Zell and was merged with it when it was incorporated on January 1, 1976 in the large district town of Neuburg an der Donau. On December 31, 2019, Marienheim had 477 inhabitants.

geography

Marienheim is about four kilometers east of Neuburg on the northwestern edge of the Donaumooses .

It consists of the core town with the Evangelical Reformed parish church - one of only ten Reformed parishes in Bavaria . The settlements Jägersbühl , Fleischnershausen and Rödenhof also belong to the local area .

history

Marienheim

Marienheim was only founded at the beginning of the 19th century as a foundation by immigrant Protestant-Reformed colonists . The place is one of the youngest in the district. In the area of ​​the village there was previously an old oak forest, called Kromat . Marie Leopoldine , the widow of the Bavarian Elector Karl Theodor , bought the area from the state in 1809 and sold it in plots to the new settlers. She also gave the village its name.

Tobias Kroll came here on April 9, 1809 and spent the first night in the open air with his wife and eight children. This was also the hour of birth for Marienheim. Kroll painstakingly built a small hut for himself. With diligence and perseverance, he made it to a small farm. A year later, the second settler followed with Jeremias Hofstetter. In 1816 Maria Leopoldine gave the Marienheimers a piece of land for a cemetery that still exists today. It once served as a church for the Reformed, today it is a communal facility and is approved for all funerals. As a thank you for donating the property, the place was given the name "Marienheim".

Twice the place made the attempt to become independent as a community. First in 1846, but the royal district court refused. A second attempt was made in 1899, but equally in vain.

Towards the end of the Second World War , Marienheim was also affected; In a US air raid on the neighboring Neuburg airfield on March 21, 1945, some residents were killed. In May 2009 Marienheim celebrated the 200th anniversary of its foundation.

Church history

see main article Evangelical Reformed Church (Marienheim)

Rödenhof

History of yore

The former solitude of Rödenhof as it presents itself today

The Rödenhof district is much older than Marienheim. It lies between Zell and Neuburg, but is also surrounded by the two young towns of Heinrichsheim and Marienheim. The Rödenhof, on the other hand, is very old and was a Roman vicus in the third century, i.e. an estate. In 1220 it was called Rothenbach. In 1275, Duke Ludwig der Strenge 's name Rödenbach can be found in the Saalbuch, i.e. tax register .

At that time the landscape had a completely different face. A mighty chain of forests stretched from Neuburg towards the east to Karlskron, mainly characterized by stout oaks. This area was lively with plenty of game, even the wolves are said to have howled here, writes the Neuburger Kollektaneenblatt in 1859. Today's "Zeller Eichele" or "Eichet" at the sports field is still a mini memory. There are also a number of barrows here as silent witnesses of the past. The name Rödenhof is likely derived from clearing with stump and handle.

Since the 17th century the Rödenhof has had various noble owners. The wasteland is also often referred to as Hofmark. In 1654 the deputy governor Hans Jakob von Syrgenstein bought the Rödenhof. In 1776, the royal personal physician, Count von Verri, bought Rödenhof at auction. In 1794 Franz Seraph Grill wanted to build a wheat and brown beer bar , but this was not approved. In 1806 the Rödenhof was in the hands of Baron von Weitenau.

The conditions at that time report a wide and bad road. The road to Zell was not laid out until 1777. Now an argument developed. The municipality of Zell and the ex-Jesuits claimed the area as property. A lengthy process developed against the electoral court chamber, which was only settled after nine years and ended with a Solomonic judgment. Both were awarded half of the land each.

Modern history

In 1860 the Rödenhof only consisted of six house numbers, in 1920 there were eight properties. After the last world war there was building land for displaced persons here. In the meantime the Rödenhof has grown into a small suburb with 163 inhabitants. From 1905 to 1992 the Gasthaus Griebl was the striking meeting place. In addition to the neat single-family houses, a sports hotel with a sports park and a small, colorfully mixed industrial area have also been created. There is a lot of life here, even a doctor's office can be found. Until recently there was also a branch of the Raiffeisenbank Neuburg in Rödenhof, which has since been closed. The place Rödenhof was once assigned to the municipality of Zell and came to the city of Neuburg on January 1, 1976 during the municipal reform.

The Catholics are still looked after by the parish of Zell. The "Evangelicals" find their home in Marienheim or in Neuburg.

Fleischnershausen

The sign pointing to the district
The Fleischnershausen district

On the edge of the city limits of Neuburg and near the town of Marienheim is the street “Fleischnershausen”. There is even a street sign pointing to Fleischnershausen. The Neuburg registry office registered 71 citizens as of December 31, 2008.

A few memos reveal the secret of how the district came into being. On November 8, 1832, Leonhard Fleischner reported to the Royal District Court, informed them that he had formed a new colony and asked for a house number. The new settler had acquired the property from the baker Amman from Neuburg on March 12, 1829. A year later, brickwork and timber were built and the first house was built.

The property gave the city magistrate a headache. Does the property belong to the Donaumoos, Marienheim or Neuburg? That was the crucial question. The property was under the jurisdiction of the regional court and so there was the numbering Fleischnershausen 1. This was a memorial to the first settler.

On November 3, 1874, the son Christian Fleischner was startled. He is informed that he will be beaten to the community of Zell. Community reform was underway at the time. But the settler resisted. He listed several reasons for this: His father was already classified as a Neuburg citizen. As a Protestant, the Reformed cemetery and the church were taboo for him. The children had to go to school in Neuburg and the community levies were also paid to Neuburg so far. It takes a full hour to get to the municipality of Zell and only half an hour to Neuburg.

As a result, there was a Solomonic judgment, but the five farms split up. Three courtyards to the right of the street remained near Neuburg and two courtyards on the other side of the street belonged to the municipality of Zell.

But neither the city of Neuburg nor the municipality of Zell saw themselves responsible for the street in Fleischnershausen. There was no clearing of snow, even on black ice there was no gritting. Only an accident around 1970 clarified the border issue. The city of Neuburg was given the obligation to clear and litter. The municipality of Zell was incorporated into Neuburg on January 1, 1976, and all Fleischnershausen residents were citizens of the district town again.

First Raiffeisenkasse in the district

Pastor Paul Theuersbacher founder of Raiffeisenbank Marienheim
The building of the Raiffeisen branch in Marienheim

It is hard to believe that one of the youngest towns in the district of Neuburg was the cradle of the first Raiffeisenkasse. The evangelical-reformed pastor Paul Theuersbacher launched the cooperative and was thus an example for the entire area.

The pastor was not only concerned with the salvation of the soul, his concern was also with the great need of the farmers. On January 27, 1889, he drummed his sheep into the inn in Rödenhof, told them about the Raiffeisen idea, but was also severely judged against the usury . “Help yourself, then God will help you”, this motto spurred him on. The peasant class must take its money business, but also its purchases and sales into their own hands; only together can one fight against big business. With these fiery words, he encouraged those present and ignited the Raiffeisen idea in the district.

29 people in attendance then signed the statutes and the next day the number of members increased to 35. Marienheim, Rödenhof, Bürgerschwaig, Längenmühle Fleischnershausen and Altmannstetten were initially designated as the club district. The first “savings and loan association” was born. The founding assembly was also the first general assembly. Pastor Theuersbacher took over the chairmanship, teacher Friedrich Schneider was elected to the calculator and Philipp Müller to chairman of the board of directors. After a two-year start-up period, the new structure had a turnover of 28,000 marks with a net profit of 280 marks. The fertilizer sales came to 5,000 marks.

Raiffeisen life only really got going after 1897 under the management of Johann Bauer. Inflation after World War I was also a serious problem . It was a tough start, so numerous board members and computers changed their honorary posts. With the construction of a warehouse in 1950 under the chairman of the board Fritz Bauer, the goods business became more dominant.

Many a storm of time swept over it. The Raiffeisen cooperatives were formed from the savings and loan associations. In 1964 the Marienheimer celebrated their 75th anniversary, but shortly afterwards, on December 21, 1965, the Raiffeisen members from Zell and Marienheim voted for a merger. The Rödenhof was chosen as the seat of the bank.

The goods business was soon closed again, the warehouse was sold and the name “Raiffeisenbank Marienheim” was shelved. After several mergers, Marienheim was only a branch of Neuburg.

The maypole custom

Solemn collection of the maypole
May Queen Sigrid I (Count)

The maypole is actually an old tradition, but in Marienheim it has only been the village symbol since 1976. But it gets all the more solemn when it comes to retrieving and setting up. Even transporting the giant tree is tough. Only horses were allowed to drag the trunk into the village. And it had to be with timpani and trumpets. The vehicle is accompanied musically by its own trombone choir.

But the maypole should also look good. Decorative signs and garlands are the decoration. There is also a celebration. It has its regular place in the immediate vicinity of the fire station and the church.

The Neuburger Rundschau breathed life into this tradition for the first time in 1974 through a competition. Marienheim also took part in 1978 and came in third. In 1980 they tried again hard to try to give the tree an even more beautiful appearance. And it was worth it. This time Marienheim had the most beautiful maypole in the entire district. The place could not be beaten in the next few years, again in 1982 at number one.

In 1984 the icing on the cake was put on the cake. Whoever presented the most beautiful maypole in the district of “Neuburg-Schrobenhausen with Lechgebiet” at the competition was approved for a may queen. And Marienheim made the race again here too.

In the meantime, the "Maypole friends Neuburg-Schrobenhausen with Lech area" have established themselves and have carried out the solemn coronation ceremony in Ehekirchen's wedding hall. As the first May Queen of Marienheim, but also of the district of Neuburg-Schrobenhausen, Sigrid I, whose real name was Graf, was allowed to ascend the throne. The then sixteen-year-old had an unexpected and unforgettable year. The invitations came from all over the Bavarian region in order to be present at various events.

literature

  • Ludwig Wagner: Chronicle of Zell Bruck - with Marienheim, Rödenhof, Rohrenfeld and Maxweiler - on the trail of village history . Self-published, Neuburg 1998, 416 S. self-published.
  • Ludwig Wagner: May and the maypole . Self-published, 1994, 300 pp.
  • Hartmut Dusse: The Evangelical Reformed Church in Marienheim - A contribution to its building history on the occasion of its redesign and renovation . 1991.
  • Neuburger Kollektaneenblatt , Volume 27, 1861, pp. 85-114.
  • Neuburg advertising paper , January 29, 1889
  • Neuburger Rundschau , April 20, 2009

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Population figures in the city of Neuburg an der Donau
  2. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 601 .