Ried (Neuburg on the Danube)
|
reed
Large district town of Neuburg on the Danube
Coordinates: 48 ° 44 ′ 56 " N , 11 ° 11 ′ 29" E
|
|
|---|---|
| Height : | 407 m |
| Area : | 6.86 km² |
| Residents : | 799 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 116 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1976 |
| Postal code : | 86633 |
| Area code : | 08431 |
Ried is a district of Neuburg an der Donau . It was incorporated into the district town on January 1, 1976 and is located in the north of Neuburg. Until it was incorporated, Ried was an independent municipality with the districts of Ried, Gietlhausen and Hessellohe . The district currently (2019) has 799 inhabitants (1321 inhabitants together with Ried, Gietlhausen and Hessellohe).
review
The boundaries between Neuburg an der Donau and the current district of Ried are almost blurred. Only a place-name sign shows where Ried begins. To the right of Ingolstädter Strasse on the Donaufelsen is the Arcoschlösschen with its wonderful view of the city. Left and right of the street it goes uphill, there the houses of Ried are grouped and on the mountain is the church of St. Georg. A junction leads out of town from Ingolstädter Straße into the district of Hessellohe.
The older district is likely to be Hessellohe, because for a long time there was only talk of the church on the mountain or St. Georgen on the mountain. Today the two districts form a solid unit.
history
In the Pappenheimer Urbar from 1214 the "Chapel on the mountain, St. Georgen" is noted. In the year 1280 the place "in the reed" appears in the Salbuch of Ludwig II . Until the 16th century you could read about the "Hofstätten am Ried" again and again.
During the struggle of King Ludwig IV to maintain his power as Roman king in 1322, the possessions of the Neuburg Benedictine monastery were also destroyed. The Augsburg bishop Friedrich helped the Benedictine women out of their need and gave them the rights to Ried.
In 1452 a receipt confirms that a Jakob Ziegler owned the Zieglerhütte. Time has also left its mark here, today it is only a depository for brick products.
The new settlement in Gietlholz, later called Gietlhausen , resulted in a legal dispute. It had to be decided where Gietlhausen should be incorporated and who is responsible for school lessons. On March 1, 1825, the verdict came, Gietlhausen was assigned to the community of Ried with regard to school and church.
In 1860 the Neuburger Kollektaneenblatt, an annual journal of the Historisches Heimatverein, wrote: The inhabitants live from agriculture, i.e. agriculture and daily wages, some from trade and craft. As a result of several fire accidents, the houses are mostly covered with bricks, only a few with straw. At that time, Ried had 29 houses with 149 souls, Hessellohe 30 houses with 163 souls and Gietlhausen 19 houses with 124 souls. About half of the residents of Gietlhausen were Protestant. The Forsthof counted 14, four of them Catholics, and Igstetten 18 souls.
The Schrannengericht
In Ried there was also a Schrannengericht , which before 1417 was in the hands of the Graisbach County , but was assigned to the court in Rain in 1470 at the latest. Today the name Galgenberg still reminds of this place of execution, which was "near Ried". The last sentence was carried out here on New Year's Eve in 1803.
In order to put a stop to discipline and order, all district court subjects in the places north of the Danube between Stepperg and Unterstall were twice a year between Martini and Michaeli to the Ehaftgericht (Ehaft = municipal code) "to the Ried" or to the "St. Georgsberg bei Neuburg ”. This was an ancient legal practice as early as the 15th century. Ried was therefore an important focal point for this room.
The major fire
On May 10, 1848, the fire raged in Ried. Five homesteads were cremated and five families were left with nothing. You could only save yourself with your bare life. One woman was severely burned and confined to bed for three weeks. Even the rectory was surrounded by fire, but it could be saved, only the wooden box burned down. After all, there was no organized fire brigade at that time. Quite primitively, it had to be extinguished with bucket and water.
What was astonishing, however, was the great willingness to help that was shown here. Help came from many localities and it was collected for the families affected. Even in Eichstätt helpful people tried hard. The result was considerable. There were many items of furniture to alleviate the hardship, from beds, cupboards, doors, window frames, footstools to bathtubs, buckets and chairs to barley, rye, bread and flour. But lime and other building materials were also donated.
Those affected have not forgotten to say thank you. The words of thanks could be read in the Neuburg local newspaper and were signed by the leading organizers, the royal district judge Heiss, the pastor Josef Schuster from Ried and the headmaster G. Rein, also from Ried.
The church
Church history
The church in Ried is dedicated to St. George and stands on a hill. When driving from Eichstätt, the tower with the onion dome is the big landmark. For a long time there was talk of the “Church on the Mountain” or “St. Georgen ”without mentioning the name Ried. The cemetery is grouped around the sacred building.
According to a Jesuit manuscript , it is reported that the church was originally supposed to be built in Hessellohe . But three times the stones were transferred to the Rieder Berg. This was an indication to build the house of God on the mountain, which also happened and where it still stands today. The oldest walls of the church and the tower substructure are believed to date from the 13th century.
In 1667 the sacred building was equipped with two side altars: on one side the statue of Mary with the baby Jesus, on the other the fourteen helpers in need as a painting. These two side altars were replaced by new ones in 1852. The statue of Mary on the side altar has been replaced by an oil painting with Immaculate , it comes from the Gnadenthal monastery in Ingolstadt. The altarpiece with the fourteen helpers in need was taken over, as were the two medallion paintings with Saint Ignaz von Loyola and Franz Xaver. At the same time, the high altar was given a fresh face by gilding.
Due to dilapidation, the church had to be closed on Palm Sunday 1875. The Hesselloher Schlösschen served as a church, school and sacristan's house until 1875.
In 1919 the church was extended. Renovation was necessary in 1931. During repair work in 2009, objects from 1931 came to light from the tower dome. In a beer bottle there was information from the carpenter Johann Kornreiter from Unterstall, as well as the means of payment at the time. Millions and hundreds of thousands of notes were discovered.
Renovation was also due in 1954. In 1977 an exterior renovation was carried out. The church had to be drained, but work on the pavement and roof also had to be carried out.
Church description
A massive church tower with an octagonal bell storey and an onion dome gives the parish church of Ried its character. The onion hood is said to date from 1871. On the high altar, the image of the church patron St. George is the eye-catcher. The two side altars date from 1852 and are also unchanged to this day. The pulpit from 1720 with a polygonal body has rich stucco decoration and many putti and putti heads.
In 2013 a new organ was installed. An interior renovation took place in 2015; a new popular altar by the artist Matthias Hoppe was also set up.
Way of the Cross with wayside shrines
The 14 wayside shrines with votive tablets on the rise of the Rieder Kirchberg are a real gem. Nothing is known about their origins, it is assumed that the wayside shrines with natural stone pillars and the metal picture boards came from Regensburg around 1900. Freiherr von Flachslanden had the valet Buchsbaum. His son is said to have founded this way of the cross.
Time was gnawing at them and had already affected them considerably. In 2005, the Neuburg City Council initiated the first steps towards renovation and financing. In April 2007, after a successful restoration, Regional Dean Vitus Wengert was able to re-open the Way of the Cross with wayside shrines to the public. The costs were put at 20,000 euros, of which the Upper Bavaria district only took over 2000. The rest was financed by donations from Rieder.
Maria-hilf grotto
The Maria-Hilf-Grotte stands on the Rieder Berg, a building with a lot of wood. The ravages of time also gnawed at this gem. The Neuburg Beautification Association lent a hand on the building and initiated a renovation. The list of defects included the support beams as well as the roofing and rotten wood. In the end, the cost was 1,700 euros, plus 150 hours of voluntary work. The city of Neuburg took over 1000 euros of this, the rest was raised by donations from Rieder. In addition, the Beautification Association planted 100 canes of wild roses and the Horticultural Association planted box trees, shrubs and flowers.
Regional dean Vitus Wengert, responsible for the parish community of St. Peter, took over the church blessing as part of a May service.
Church life
The parish of Ried is located in the diocese of Augsburg , right on the border with the diocese of Eichstätt. The parish includes the places Ried, Hessellohe , Gietlhausen and the Forsthof . Igstetten was originally in the diocese of Eichstätt, in 1516 the Neuburg women's monastery bought the wasteland and with that it became the diocese of Augsburg and also the parish of Ried.
From 1542 to 1616, Ried, like the entire Principality of Pfalz-Neuburg, was Protestant. With the conversion of Duke Wolfgang Wilhelm to the Catholic religion, Ried also became Catholic again. Ried's rights have now been transferred to the newly founded Jesuit college in Neuburg.
Difficult times prevailed during the Thirty Years' War, especially around 1632. The Swedes robbed and plundered in the Neuburg area. The residents of Bittenbrunn and Ried sought refuge in the city. The villages were deserted and the religious functions had to be stopped. The houses of worship were robbed, the altars profaned . It was not until 1636 that religious life could return to the church. From 1650 to 1664 the Jesuits took turns supplying the two parishes of Bittenbrunn and Ried. From 1667 to 1700 the clergy from Bittenbrunn also had to take over the pastoral care of Ried. The Jesuits were missionaries at this time.
Brawls and church theft
Less pleasant things have also gone down in the history of the church in Ried. Pastor Viktor Karrmann, previously in Genderkingen, was pastor of Ried from February 16, 1828. He didn't always get along well in town. On May 10th, 1829 there was a fight in the parish church, during which a boy was beaten bloodily. The clergyman then had the church closed, there was no service for 17 days, no mass and no bells ringing. The boys were sentenced by the district court and punished by beatings.
On August 7, 1832, the cross particle was stolen from the church. City pastor and dean Jäger from Neuburg gave the Rieders a sanctuary again. The pastor had a cross particle collected for a new one. A new dress for the image of Our Lady was also purchased from the proceeds, as well as four large and four small may bushes.
On February 2, 1833, on Candlemas , someone brought a silver rosary for the image of Our Lady. A gold-plated crown for the ciborium was also given to the parish church.
There was also a dispute over the little ten in the wasteland. Pastor Karmann won this small-tenth process for the parish.
school
It is not known since when there was a school in Ried. In any case, the children of the new settlement in Gietlhausen were obliged in a letter dated March 1, 1824 to attend school in Ried.
When the church fell into disrepair in 1870, the little castle in Hessellohe was not only used for church purposes, but was also used as a school room. In 1875 the school house was rebuilt. After the Second World War, the number of children increased sharply due to the influx of refugees. Around 1950 the school building was therefore adapted to the new conditions and redesigned so that three classrooms were now available. The rooms have been repositioned and a school kitchen has been set up. A separate building was even built as a teacher's residence.
There was a lot of talk about school reform in the 1970s. In 1971, the primary school was converted into an association school for the villages of Ried, Attenfeld, Bittenbrunn and Unterstall. The subject of school organization was reissued as a result of the regional reform. For a long time there were discussions about the future school location. The proposal to set up a North School was also discussed. But nothing came of it. The students from Ried were integrated into Neuburg.
Arco castle
The 200-year-old Neuburg Arco-Schlösschen, which is used for gastronomy today, stands high on a rock.
On the Hörnlein, as the vernacular describes this piece of earth, the grapes once ripened and the Hörnlein wine was pressed from them. The “Arco” is located where the press house once stood.
history
The Vice President of the Neuburg Regional Directorate, Karl August Graf von Reisach , acquired this property and built the small castle in 1805, and an economic property, i.e. an agriculture, was also part of it. This building was named "Reisachruh". For the builder it should be a place of rest after his grueling work. The talk was of “ Buen Retiro ”, a park like in Madrid or a Sanssouci of the Neuburger.
It soon became one of the most popular excursion destinations for the people of Neuburg. In order to capitalize on it, the owner acquired the beer, wine and coffee bar fair in 1808.
The Reisachruh was also to be the final resting place for the Count of Reisach. A pagan-style sphinx was planned to keep watch here. But it didn't come to that. Graf von Reisach had thrown himself into debt during his career and therefore fled to northern Germany in 1819. For the time he was abroad and no longer at home. The Reisach property was auctioned.
The new owner was now lawyer Dr. Brunner, then the electoral Leopoldine brewery manager Danner and finally, in 1848, Count Arco von Stepperg . Now a new stamp has been placed on the castle. The roof was covered with Solnhofner slabs, the Reisach coat of arms had to give way, in its place was the Graf Arco coat of arms, the building inscriptions on the east and west sides were removed, as well as the remaining vines in order to erase the last traces of Reisach. The castle was named Arco.
Later the restaurateur Siegmund Völk bought the castle, and in 1993 the city of Neuburg bought it for two million marks. The gastronomy continues, but the tenants have changed several times.
Personalities
Karl August Graf von Reisach
- * October 15, 1774 in Neuburg / Donau; † November 29, 1846 in Koblenz
Karl August Graf von Reisach comes from a respected noble family from Neuburg. His father was the Palatinate-Neuburgische Geheime Rat, high commissioner and landscape ordinator Franz Christoph von Reisach. The young Karl Reisach attended the Neuburg high school and soon served as a noble boy (page) at the prince-bishop's court in Eichstätt . He later continued his studies at the University of Ingolstadt. While still at college, he attained the dignity of a Knight of St. John or of Malta. The father spoke to Elector Karl Theodor and in 1795 asked for a position for the son as a councilor and chief hunting commissioner, which was also approved. In order to improve the financial situation, Reisach was soon able to take over the position of the caretaker and district judge commissioner in Hilpoltstein and Heideck.
In 1802 he was appointed director of the first deputation of the Neuburg regional directorate, and in 1803 he was promoted to vice-president of the Neuburg regional directorate. In 1808 he was appointed general commissioner of the Lech district based in Augsburg, then in 1809 general commissioner of the Illerkreis based in Kempten.
He was now heavily in debt. became a state criminal, fled and ended up as an archivist in Koblenz. In Bavaria he was prosecuted and sentenced in absentia to twelve years of imprisonment.
Reisach's services to Neuburg
Despite the misconduct, one can not hide the fact that he has also set a monument for himself in Neuburg. Many non-profit organizations in Neuburg show his signature, at least he was the assistant in many cases. It was the wish of the Duchess Amalie to turn a former wild wild prettschütt into the renowned English Garden. Reisach campaigned for this. An avenue of fruit trees from Neuburg to Bittenbrunn and Ried as well as the establishment of an earthenware and porcelain factory were his work. The formation of the provincial library is also due to him. He wrote two Neuburg paperbacks in 1807/1808, which contain valuable information. And the Reisachruhe can also be traced back to him.
Knight Johann Baptist Anton Freiherr von Flachslanden
- May 21, 1739 in Zabern in Alsace; † March 19, 1822 in Neuburg
Flachslanden comes from an Alsatian noble family. Not only was he a nobleman, but he was also a great personality. He was one of the friends of Elector Karl Theodor and had a great influence on him. He corresponded with the Russian Emperor Paul I, but also with Rome and Pope Pius VII. Elector Karl Theodor even endowed the barons with the rank and title of authorized minister of religion at the Munich court. The father of Flachslanden was the Grand Master of the Order of St. John, his brother was governor of Alsace and governor of Strasbourg.
Flachslanden managed to establish a tongue of Malta in Bavaria, and at the same time a large ball of the order was established in Neuburg. On December 17, 1781, Elector Karl-Theodor issued the deed of foundation. The commandery received the expropriated property of the Jesuits in Neuburg for financial security.
An inventory list from 1783 gives us an even better insight into the ownership structure. With the Forsthof, the Gut Hessellohe, the Neuhof and the associated brewery in Neuburg, the monastery and Meierhof zu Echenbrunn near Gundelfingen, the Jesuit monastery buildings , as well as the electoral court church in Neuburg, the grand ball of the Neuburg Order of Malta was equipped.
On August 10, 1799, Freiherr von Flachslanden was appointed Großballei von Neuburg. But King Max I could not warm up to it and on September 8, 1808 lifted the order again. Flachslanden was now only a tolerated state pensioner on the Jesuit building.
He bought the Hesselloher Schlösschen and expanded it into his country residence. He also provided work and bread for the local population. Every day he drove his horses from Neuburg to Hessellohe. Baron von Flachslanden died on March 22nd, 1822 and was buried as the most prominent citizen in the Ried cemetery. His grave slab is now in the Hesselloher Schlösschen.
Eugen Erdner, pastor and botanist
Work and recognition
As a rule, it is said that no one can serve two masters. This does not apply to Pastor Eugen Erdner, who looked after the parish of Ried for ten years. He is certified that he was a popular shepherd. In addition, his great passion was botany , for which he sacrificed every free minute.
Erdner researched and studied the local flora. In 1911 his work was crowned with a printed work. It was simply titled: "The Flora of Neuburg". It is a reference work on the native flora from the districts of Neuburg, Rain, Monheim and the neighboring areas of Swabia and Middle Franconia.
The botanist soon gained a great reputation and was accepted as a full member in Regensburg. The district committee for nature conservation appointed him as an employee. In the parish of Ried, the clergyman quickly became a popular pastor. That is why Eugen-Erdner-Strasse was named after him.
resume
Eugen Erdner was born on August 26, 1869 in Lauchheim in Württemberg, the son of a merchant. The gifted student was allowed to move up from third to fifth grade immediately. He attended high school in Ellwangen and after graduating, served a year with the 12th Infantry Regiment in Neu-Ulm.
The universities in Würzburg and Munich were the next stations where he studied philosophy and botany. In the Lyceum in Dillingen he completed his theology studies. On August 31, 1893, the Augsburg bishop Pankratius von Dinkel ordained him as a priest.
The first pastoral care station was St. Lorenz in Kempten, then in 1897 he came to Neuburg as a chaplain in the parish of St. Peter and in April 1898 was given his own parish position in Ried. After ten years he became pastor of Donauwörth Hl. Kreuz. A few months later, he was the office of the chapter treasurer transmitted. He was also the religion teacher at the Boys' Institute of the Holy Cross.
But ten years later, in 1918, he was attacked by an insidious disease and his work was paralyzed. In 1922 he fell on black ice and was now totally bedridden. In the spring of 1928 Erdner came to the St. Augustin Priest Hospice in Neuburg. On August 15, 1928, death released him from his grave suffering. The shepherd of souls was buried in his homeland.
literature
- Neuburger Kollektaneenblatt. 019 (1853). Ed .: Historischer Heimatverein Neuburg pp. 45–49.
- Neuburger Kollektaneenblatt. 097 (1932). Ed .: Historischer Heimatverein Neuburg p. 4–7.
- Neuburger Kollektaneenblatt. 026 (1860). Ed .: Historischer Heimatverein Neuburg, pp. 32–48.
- Neuburger Kollektaneenblatt. 086 (1921). Ed .: Historischer Heimatverein Neuburg, pp. 34–57.
- Markus Nadler: Neuburg an der Donau: the district court Neuburg and the nursing courts Burgheim and Reichertshofen. In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part Swabia: Row 1; H. 16 Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-7696-6852-9 .
- A. Horn, W. Meyer: The art monuments of the city and district of Neuburg on the Danube. Commission publisher R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1958, pp. 657-662.
- Ludwig Wagner: Time travel through Neuburg and the city districts. Pro Business, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-939533-78-5 , pp. 163-166.
Web links
Individual evidence
- Neuburger advertising paper. May 10, 1848, June 8, 1848.
- Neuburger Rundschau. April 3, 2007, May 27, 2009, August 13, 2009.
- ^ Population figures in the city of Neuburg an der Donau
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 601 .
- ↑ registration office (PDF, 17 kB) Balance: June 20 of 2009.
- ↑ Eichstätter Kurier of September 19, 2015, p. 42
Mountains | Bittenbrunn with Auschlösschen, Eulahof, Laisacker and Ziegelau | Bruck with Maxweiler and Rothheim | Feldkirchen with Altmannstetten , Gnadenfeld (Kahlhof) , Hardt and Sehensand | Forsthof | Heinrichsheim with citizens' mother | Herrenwörth | Joshofen | Neuburg an der Donau | Ried with Gietlhausen and Hessellohe | Zell with the hunting lodge Grünau , Rödenhof, Rohrenfeld and Marienheim