Lauchheim
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 48 ° 52 ' N , 10 ° 15' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Stuttgart | |
| County : | Ostalbkreis | |
| Height : | 492 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 40.86 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 4780 (December 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 117 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 73466 | |
| Area code : | 07363 | |
| License plate : | AA, GD | |
| Community key : | 08 1 36 038 | |
| LOCODE : | DE LAI | |
City administration address : |
Hauptstrasse 28 73466 Lauchheim |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayoress : | Andrea Schnele | |
| Location of the city of Lauchheim in the Ostalb district | ||
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With just under 5000 inhabitants, Lauchheim is the smallest town in the Ostalb district in Baden-Württemberg .
geography
Geographical location
Lauchheim is located in the Jagsttal on the eaves of the Härtsfeld , which forms the easternmost part of the Swabian Alb , at around 500 meters above sea level . Stuttgart is about 80 kilometers to the west, Ulm 50 kilometers south-southwest of Lauchheim; it is around 70 kilometers to Augsburg in the southeast.
Neighboring communities
The district of the city of Lauchheim borders Westhausen to the west and north , the city of Bopfingen to the east and the district town of Aalen to the south .
City structure
The town of Lauchheim, with the formerly independent communities of Hülen and Röttingen, includes twelve other villages, hamlets, farms and houses in addition to Lauchheim. The village of Hülen and the state domain, castle and hamlet of Kapfenburg belong to the former municipality of Hülen . The town of Lauchheim in the boundaries before the community reform in the 1970s includes the town of Lauchheim , the hamlets of Gromberg, Hettelsberg and Stetten , the farms Banzenmühle, Fuchsmühle, Mohrenstetten and Schönberg , the Röttingen stop house and the abandoned villages of Tatenloch, Königsbühl, Neusselbuch, Niederhofen and Mittelhofen . The former municipality of Röttingen includes the village of Röttingen , the homestead Kahlhöfe and the abandoned villages of Hausen (?) And Hof zu Waidland .
Coats of arms of the districts
Shells
Röttingen
Division of space
According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.
history
The old order until 1806
Lauchheim ( Lauche = border mark; probably based on the Swabian-Franconian border) lies on an old trade route that ran in the Jagsttal, left this at the Jagstknie in Lauchheim and led through the Ries to Donauwörth . A Celtic square hill was found north of the city . To the west of the later city, archaeological excavations have almost completely covered an early to high medieval settlement and the associated burial ground from the Merovingian era - a unique situation in Germany; the recovered finds are in the Alemanni Museum in Ellwangen .
1235–1485 is attested to a noble family that named itself after Gromberg Castle and was the first landlord of the place first mentioned in 1248. In addition to the Lords of Gromberg, the Schenkenstein taverns and the Ellwangen Monastery also owned Lauchheim.
Since the second half of the 14th century, the Teutonic Order acquired areas in the area of the upper Jagst Valley and expanded Lauchheim to become the center of the Kommende, founded around 1400 . This commander belonged to the Deutschordensballei Franken . In 1397 the city began to build the fortifications, in 1398 the high judiciary , in 1402 market rights and finally in 1431 city rights with freedoms based on the Bopfinger model, although Lauchheim remained under the rule of the order. During the Thirty Years' War , the city was largely burned down by French troops under the Duc d'Enghien in 1645 .
Württemberg time
In 1806 the German Order was repealed by Emperor Napoleon and the city and Kapfenburg were incorporated into the Kingdom of Württemberg .
While Hülen (formerly part of the Teutonic Order Coming) and Röttingen (previously with the Princely House of Oettingen ) had belonged to the Oberamt Neresheim from 1810 , the core town was added to the Oberamt Ellwangen in 1806 .
Nazi era
During the administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg , the entire current urban area came to the Aalen district in 1938 .
post war period
Since Lauchheim and its current districts came under the American occupation zone after the Second World War , the area belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden since 1945 , which was incorporated into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952. Through the district reform of 1973 , the entire area of today's city came to the new Ostalbkreis . On December 31, 1974, Hülen was incorporated into Lauchheim. Today's town was created by the merger of the town of Lauchheim with the municipality of Röttingen on January 1st, 1975.
The city holiday is celebrated every year on July 4th in memory of the granting of city rights in 1431.
Religions
Churches
The parish, attested as early as 1248, came to the German Order Coming Mergentheim in 1363 , was incorporated into it and handed over to the Lauchheim Coming in 1538.
Both the Roman Catholic and the Protestant churches have a parish in Lauchheim . The Catholic parish church of St. Petrus and Paulus was built by Georg von Morlok and consecrated in 1868. The Protestant parish of Lauchheim-Westhausen uses what is essentially the late medieval Barbara chapel.
Judaism
In 1658, Lauchheim granted asylum to six Jews who had been expelled from the Oettinger territory against the protest of the Catholic pastor. In 1788 there were already 18 families with 88 people living in the village. Lauchheim itself was initially the seat of a rabbinate , then assigned to Ellingen (until 1806), Wallerstein (until 1832) and Oberdorf . After the highest number of Jewish residents was reached around 1858 with 176 people, many Jews emigrated. In 1900 there were only 47 Jewish residents in Lauchheim, and in 1910 32. In 1922 the community was dissolved, the remaining Jews belonged to the Oberdorf community. Of the seven Jews who lived there in 1933, six died as a result of the Holocaust .
The synagogue mentioned in 1686 burned through negligence in 1743, the Jewish community was punished for it. A new synagogue was built in 1768–1770, which the community renovated and expanded in 1856/1857 with a government grant. At the beginning of the 20th century it became more and more difficult to reach the number ten required for worship ; The synagogue was closed in 1920 at the latest and the building was sold in 1921. Nevertheless, the house, which was no longer used as a synagogue, was set on fire in the November pogroms in 1938. But the fire could be extinguished. Used as a barn after the war, the building was demolished in 1965.
A Jewish denominational school was first mentioned in 1829, in 1849/1850 the community bought a new building and converted it into a school with a community hall; a mikveh was set up in the basement . The building is still there (Biennerstrasse 15, corner of Pfarrer-Bestlin-Strasse). The cemetery of the Jewish community in Lauchheim was in Aufhausen .
politics
Municipal council
In Lauchheim, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection process . The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The municipality council in Lauchheim has 18 members after the last election (unchanged). The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following preliminary final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
| Parties and constituencies | % 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 31.7 | 6th | 50.8 | 9 |
| FWV | Free electoral association | 24.8 | 6th | 30.0 | 5 |
| UBL | Independent citizen list | 32.5 | 6th | 19.2 * | 4th |
| total | 100 | 18th | 100 | 18th | |
| voter turnout | 53.4% | 49.3% | |||
* 2014: SPD / UB together
Mayoress
Administrative administrator Andrea Schnele (independent) is the mayor of Lauchheim. It was elected on March 8, 2015 with 92.0 percent of the valid votes. The turnout was 47 percent.
Administrative association
The community is a member of the Kapfenburg community administration association based in Westhausen .
Town twinning
The Austrian town of Rattenberg (Tyrol) am Inn is the twin town of Lauchheim .
Culture and sights
Museums
The local history museum is housed in the Upper Gate , built in 1621 , a landmark of the city. The supra-regionally significant early medieval finds from the Lauchheim burial ground are not on display there, but in the Alemanni Museum in Ellwangen and in the State Archaeological Museum in Konstanz.
Buildings
- Kapfenburg Castle stands on a promontory about 130 meters above the city. It was converted from a castle to a chateau over the centuries and never destroyed. In this way, the architectural styles from very different eras are combined into an idiosyncratic ensemble. Today an International Music School Academy is housed in the castle.
Regular events
July 4th: City holiday with children's festival
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Lauchheim is connected to the trunk road network with the Aalen / Westhausen junction about six kilometers away from the federal motorway 7 . The federal highway 29 ( Waiblingen - Nördlingen ) used to lead through the city and circumvents this today in a loop.
Regional trains stop at Lauchheim an der Riesbahn station ( Aalen - Donauwörth ) .
education
The Teutonic Order School in Lauchheim is a network school. Primary, secondary and secondary schools are grouped under one school management, distributed over several buildings. Secondary schools are located in Aalen, Bopfingen and Ellwangen. There are also three municipal and two Roman Catholic kindergartens.
sons and daughters of the town
- Wilhelm Biener (before 1590–1651), Tyrolean Chancellor
- Isaak Hess (1789–1866), bookseller and antiquarian. A street in Lauchheim is named after him.
- Johann Baptist Benz (1807–1880), composer and cathedral music director in Speyer. A street in Lauchheim is named after him.
- Johannes Schildenberger (1896–1990), Benedictine, theologian and biblical scholar
literature
- Max Miller , Gerhard Taddey (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-520-27602-X .
- Joachim Hahn , Jürgen Krüger: Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and institutions . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany . Volume 4).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: Stuttgart district, Franconian and East Württemberg regional associations. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 , pp. 735-738.
- ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Lauchheim.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 471 .
- ↑ Schwäbische Post - Local Election 2019 - Lauchheim City Council , accessed on December 12, 2019
- ↑ State Gazette for Baden-Württemberg - Mayor election Lauchheim , accessed on December 12, 2019
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