Marine supply lighter
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The marine supply lighter type I (MNL) was a class of smaller landing craft of the Kriegsmarine which were used in World War II .
General
Development history
The marine supply lighter type I (MNL I) was created due to a demand from the Navy for a supply and landing vehicle that should be able to get from Germany over the French river network to the Mediterranean. This became necessary because the existing naval ferry frames and naval artillery lights exceeded the "Freycinet measure" of the French canals and lock systems (length 39.0 m, width 5.2 m, draft 1.8 m), so that they could not navigate them. The draft of the barges then roughly corresponded to the dimensions of a commercially available peniche , whereby they were constructed in such a way that the superstructure could be easily dismantled and the hull consisted of six sections. With which these are loaded onto railway wagons and could only be assembled at the destination with the help of a 20 t crane.
Due to the lack of a quickly deployable landing flap, the boats were not suitable for quick landing companies, but rather for the transport of supplies to places without port facilities. In terms of appearance, it was not dissimilar to the marine ferry service . However, even greater emphasis was placed on quick and easy production.
Payload
The weather-protected hold of an MNL I was 16 m long, 3.5 m wide and about 1.6 m high, which corresponds to a usable volume of 90 m³. For loading and unloading, there were two 4 × 1.51 m loading hatches and a loading post with a loading boom of 2 t load capacity, which could be set up between these two hatches on the port or starboard side as required. The loading area on the upper deck was about 21 m long, 3.5 m wide and had an area of 60 m². Three trucks could be transported one behind the other with a lane width of 2.5 m.
It was possible to accommodate 200 fully equipped soldiers in the hold and on deck. Otherwise the payload was 75 t up to a swell of strength 4 or 90 t up to strength 2. For heavy and bulky loads, such as vehicles that were transported on the upper deck, only a third of the payload had to be carried for reasons of stability. If the lighter was otherwise unloaded, only 20 t of deck cargo could be stowed, which was brought on board by means of two rail carriers carried along.
Modifications
It was planned to use four boats ( MNL 1 , MNL 2 , MNL 11 and MNL 12 ) as river lock breakers on the Danube . For this purpose, a 70 t cross-pole device (KPG) should be scaffolded, which was a slightly modified Italian device called Canona Antimagnetica . But the orders were canceled on January 8, 1945 before completion.
Marine supply lighter type II
The successor class, the Type II marine supply lighter , was planned without the restrictions imposed by the French waterways. With a maximum load capacity of 170 t, it should be able to transport a load of 125 t (up to 175 t in calm seas). There would have been a loading area of 235 m² on deck and 115 m² in the hold. The drive should consist of three diesel engines. However, the development was stopped in early 1944 in favor of the standard landing craft.
List of boats
| designation | Shipyard | Construction contract | Commissioning | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MLN 1 |
Krupp Stahlbau , Rheinhausen |
April 7, 1943 | November 17, 1944 | |
| MLN 2 | - | Construction contract canceled on January 8, 1945 | ||
| MLN 3 | January 29, 1945 | |||
| MLN 4 | January 29, 1945 | |||
| MLN 5 | January 29, 1945 | |||
| MLN 6 | September 1944 | |||
| MLN 7 | September 1944 | |||
| MLN 8 | September 1944 | |||
| MLN 9 | September 1944 | |||
| MLN 10 | September 1944 | |||
| MLN 11 | - | Construction contract canceled on January 8, 1945 | ||
| MLN 12 | - | |||
| MLN 13 | January 29, 1945 | |||
| MLN 14 | January 29, 1945 | |||
| MLN 15 | - | Construction contract canceled in January 1945 | ||
| MLN 16 | - | |||
| MLN 17 | - | |||
| MLN 18 | - | |||
| MLN 19 | - | |||
| MLN 20 | - | |||
| MLN 21 | June 5, 1943 | June 21, 1944 | December 1945 Soviet spoils of war | |
| MLN 22 | June 21, 1944 | December 1945 Soviet spoils of war | ||
| MLN 23 | October 4, 1944 | May 1945 British spoils of war and sunk in 1946 off the mouth of the Schlei | ||
| MLN 24 | October 1944 | |||
| MLN 25 |
Neckar shipyard , Neckarsulm |
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| MLN 26 |
Ruthof shipyard , Mainz-Kastel |
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| MLN 27 | ||||
| MLN 28 |
Gustavsburg shipyard , Mainz-Kastel |
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| MLN 29 | January 30, 1945 | |||
| MLN 30 | ||||
| MLN 31 | Krupp Stahlbau, Rheinhausen |
May 1945 Dutch spoils of war | ||
| MLN 32 |
technology
drive
It was powered by two six-cylinder truck diesel engines from Deutz with an output of 240 hp (177 kW). This power was delivered to two shafts with one screw each. The top speed was 10 knots (19 km / h), with a maximum travel distance of 540 nautical miles (1,000 km).
Armament
The armament consisted of a 3.7-cm single mount at the stern and four 2-cm C / 38 Flak in quadruple mount, which was set up on a platform behind the control station.
See also
- Unit landing craft
- Pioneer landing craft
- Marine artillery lighters
- Marine ferry cream
- War transporter
- Black Sea unit ship