Martin Schätzl
Martin Schätzl (born March 13, 1909 in Munich ; † July 2, 1934 in Dachau concentration camp ) was a German painter, member of the SA and one of the victims of the so-called " Röhm Putsch ".
Life
Schätzl was a son of the businessman Martin Schätzl Senior and his wife Katharina. In his childhood, Schätzl attended elementary school for eight years and then a private painting school for two years. In the winter semester of 1927/28 he enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich , where he spent four semesters.
In 1928, Schätzl met the former officer and national politician Ernst Röhm in Straubing , with whom he soon became friends. Later there was much speculation about a homosexual connection between Schätzl and Röhm, who is known for his homosexuality : Röhm biographer Eleanor Hancock was able to prove that the Röhm-Schätzl relationship was purely platonic in nature: on the one hand, Schätzl was heterosexual , on the other hand Although Röhm Schätzl found himself handsome, he was not sensually drawn to him. Rather, Röhm was a fatherly friend of Schätzl's who affectionately called him “Uncle Ernst”.
When Röhm got a position as inspector in the general staff of the Bolivian army at the end of 1928 , Schätzl accompanied him to South America, where he acted as its secretary until Röhm's return to Germany in autumn 1930. Röhm later explained the decision to take Schätzl, whose ship passage he paid for, with him, saying that he didn't want to go abroad all by himself. In Bolivia, in addition to his work for Röhm, Schätzl was also very active as an artist: Among other things, he designed the cover of Röhm's memoir book History of a High Traitor . In addition, he achieved greater success with exhibitions of his pictures. An exhibition in the rooms of the Club Bancario in La Paz from September 27 to October 3, 1930, attracted a lot of attention.
In October 1930, Schätzl returned to Europe with Röhm on the ship "Sachsen" on the Hamburg-America Line. They returned to Munich on November 6, 1930. While Röhm was internally designated by Adolf Hitler as the new Chief of Staff of the SA at this time , Schätzl continued to work as an academic painter.
At Röhm's insistence, Schätzl joined the NSDAP ( membership number 348.934) in November 1930 and the SA in February 1931. Later he was part of the Schutzstaffel (SS) before returning to the SA in April 1934. In the SS he was promoted to squad leader (November 15, 1933). Most recently, he was a member of the 3rd Storm of the 1st Sturmbannes of the 1st SS Standard in the SS. According to the leader's order of the Supreme SA Leadership No. 23, Schätzl was transferred to the staff of the Supreme SA Leadership (OSAF) with effect from February 1, 1934 , where he was from then on in the Adjutantur as a personal assistant to Ernst Röhm. With his transfer to the OSAF, he was transferred from the SS to the SA and promoted to SA troop leader. A short time later, Schätzl was promoted to SA Obertruppführer by the Führer order 23a of April 20, 1934 with effect from that date.
On June 29, 1934, Schätzl traveled to Bad Wiessee to bring his uniform to Röhm, who was on the cure there. In the morning hours of June 30th, he was arrested, together with Röhm and the other people from Röhm's surroundings who were in Wiessee, by Hitler and a police escort unit in the course of the Röhm affair and taken to the Stadelheim prison in Munich . In the morning hours of July 2, 1934, Schätzl was transferred to the Dachau concentration camp together with the head of Röhm's staff guard Julius Uhl and Röhm's chauffeur Johann Heinrich König , where they were shot by members of the camp's SS guards. Since these shootings took place after the order to stop all shootings had previously come from Berlin , these three shootings were dated back to July 1, 1934 in the official death list for the Röhm Putsch.
By the leader's order of the Supreme SA Leadership No. 26 of October 31, 1934, Schätzl, together with a number of other SA members arrested and / or shot in the course of the purge of the summer of 1934, was posthumously relieved of his post and his rank from the SA pushed out.
literature
Secondary literature
- Andreas Dornheim : Röhm's man for abroad. Politics and murder of SA agent Georg Bell , 1998.
- Eleanor Hancock : Ernst Röhm. Hitler's SA Chief of Staff , 2008.
- Hans-Günter Richardi / Klaus Schumann: Secret files Gerlich / Bell: Röhm's plans for a Reich without Hitler , 1993.
- Wolfram Selig : “The Victims of the Röhm Putsch in Munich”, in: Winfried Becker / Werner Chrobak (ed.): State, Culture, Politics. Contributions to the history of Bavaria and Catholicism. Festschrift for Dieter Albrecht's 65th birthday. , Lassleben, Kallmünz 1992, pp. 341-356.
Contemporary newspaper articles
- “Hoy, a las 11, Inaugra Su Exposicón de Pintura el Maestro Alemán Martín Schaetzl, en un Salón del C. Bancerio”, in: El Diario of September 27, 1930
- “Comentarios sobre la exposición del pintor alemán Martín Schaetzl”, in: El Diario of October 3, 1930.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Registration book of the Academy of Fine Arts for the years 1919 to 1931, p. 106 (No. 11).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schatzl, Martin |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German SA member, victim of the so-called Röhm putsch |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 13, 1909 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Munich |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 2, 1934 |
| Place of death | Dachau |