Matthias von Janov

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Matthias von Janov (Czech Matěj z Janova ; * between 1350 and 1355 in Janov ; † November 30, 1393 in Prague ) was a Czech priest, writer, philosopher and reformer.

Life

The son of the knight Wenzel von Janov and pupil of Johann Militsch von Kremsier , whom he later honored in Život ctihodného kněze Milíče , studied with the support of his compatriot Vojtěch Raňkov z Ježova first in Prague, from 1373 in Sorbonne , where he passed the examination of the master of the Filing Free Arts . Matthias dedicated himself to theology, received his doctorate in 1380, visited Pope Urban VI in 1381 . in Rome and asks for a prebend . He returns to Prague via Nuremberg as pauper philosophans , becomes canon of the Prague chapter and confessor in St. Vitus Cathedral through Archbishop Johann von Jenstein . Later he received a pension prebend in Neudorf b. Rischkau, but still lives in Prague and devotes himself to Bible study and literature. He gives his sermons in Latin. In them he warned against the veneration of images and saints and urged the believers to take the Lord's Supper as daily as possible. He also advocated ingestion by laypeople. His views eventually led to conflicts with the Prague consistory . In 1388 he was transferred to the Michelsdorf provincial parish .

"Like other relics and the bones of saints, I carried my Bible with me on all paths and bridges."

- Matthias von Janow

plant

Matthias wrote a number of Latin scripts, which he published in a five-volume work in 1392, about which Palacky said: "It is a valuable work and one of the best scripts that has been written from a Bohemian pen for centuries ...". However, the work was forgotten a short time later, since it went too far for the Catholics in its principles and not far enough for the reformers. Matthias was not interested in separating from the Catholic Church. He was looking for a new way to the original faith of Christ and his apostles, dividing it into twelve rules, the first and most important of which says that only Jesus Christ is the norm, the yardstick of Christian life. His adversaries finally made him appear before the archbishop's court in 1389 and again later, face suspicion of heresy, and finally revoke some of his views.

Works

  • Regulae veteris et novi testamenti (5 volumes, 1387), which are also seen as the first theoretical, theological and radical works of the Bohemian Reformation , on which the representatives of the Hussites later build, e.g. B. Jakobellus von Mies .
  • Kázání
  • Tractatus de praecepti Domini
  • Super passione Cristi
  • De decem preceptis
  • Život ctihodného kněze Milíče

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Friedrich Hauss: Fathers of Christianity. R. Brockhaus, 1991, p. 104. (Free translation from the work Regulae Veteris et Novi Testamenti )
personal data
SURNAME Matthias von Janov
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Matthias von Janau; Matthias von Janow; Matěj z Janova
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech priest, writer and philosopher and reformer
DATE OF BIRTH between 1350 and 1355
PLACE OF BIRTH Janov
DATE OF DEATH November 30, 1393
Place of death Prague