Mladá Vožice
| Mladá Vožice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Tábor | ||||
| Area : | 3158 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 32 ' N , 14 ° 48' E | ||||
| Height: | 453 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 2,704 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 391 43 | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 14th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jaroslav Větrovský (as of 2017) | ||||
| Address: | Žižkovo náměstí 80 391 43 Mladá Vožice |
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| Municipality number: | 552704 | ||||
| Website : | www.vozice.cz | ||||
Mladá Vožice (German Jung Woschitz ) is a town in the Okres Tábor in the Czech Republic . It is located 17 kilometers northeast of Tábor on the Blanice .
history
The settlement below the castle probably already existed during the reign of Prince Spytihněv II , who also had the castle built in which he stored silver from the nearby mines. In 1273 a certain Ztanimirum de Bazychce is mentioned for the first time, whose connection to Woschitz is not completely clear, but it is assumed that he was the first owner. Most likely, Worschitz was royal property, which was given as a fief to various lords. One such feudal lord was Wilhelm von Woschitz, who was mentioned in writing in 1318. The Emperor Charles IV was also mentioned , not only as the owner, but also as a visitor on September 8, 1352.
At that time Woschitz should also have two churches. The place passed through several hands of noble families, including the Lords of Pacov, from whom Vozice also received the coat of arms, two towers on a castle wall, intertwined with two coats of arms of the authorities. The seal of the city, on which the tower stands on a rocky ground, had a similar appearance, but without pennants and the interlocking of the castle crown.
From 1318 to 1425 the lands belonged to the lords of Landstein , Janowitz, Orlik, Prague and Ronow.
After the battle of Sudoměř , about 2000 soldiers under the leadership of the mint master of Kuttenberg from Mikiš Divůčka z Jemniště occupied the place. From April 5th to 6th, 1420 Jan Žižka attacked the place with his Hussite army and burned it down. Of the imperial family, only those who managed to escape to the castle were able to save themselves. The castle itself was called Bzdinka by Jan Hvězda z Vícemilic since September 1425 , and was besieged, conquered and torn down for five weeks. The leader of the Hussites found his death during this conquest, but still lived through the conquest and the subsequent peace negotiations (Peace of Woschitz) on October 18, 1425 between the Taborites and the orphans. After the negotiations, Woschitz was attached to Wlaschim .
Then the Lords of Klingenstein , von Tschestitz, von Kralowitz , Trčka von Leipa , and Voračičtí z Paběnic stopped . In 1579 Michal Špaňovský z Lisova gave the place permission to choose where to live, to sell wine, to trade in iron and to have other privileges. His son Joachim sold Woschnitz to Bernard Fünfkirchner, who lost his farms after the battle of the White Mountain . For a while General Baltasar von Marradas ruled here , whose goal was forced Catholicization. Under his successors, Messrs Přehořovský z Kvasejovic , a chapel was built on the site of the former castle, three markets were introduced in 1650 and the craft regulations were renewed. In 1678 the rule came into the hands of the Lords of Künburg , who added a few other farms in the area to Woschitz and, as a Fideikommiss, made the lands indivisible and only inheritable to the eldest son.
Long before 1848, the wealthy families in the town mostly only spoke German. Czech was spoken only by the rural and urban poor. Bohemian literature was hardly available, also because of the lack of education of the population. Only at the time of the national revival after 1848 did Czech teachers and civil servants come to Worschitz in 1860. They campaigned for the expansion of the school, the establishment of a district administration as well as a tax office and a pension institution. Local youth who studied in other cities brought new thoughts to the city. In 1862 the Vlastislav Choral Society was established under the direction of the teacher Čeňek Sedmík. At this point in time there was also a reading circle , which later disbanded.
In 1875 the association of fire fighters was added, one year later the "Club of Academics of Woschitz and the Surrounding Area", which set itself the task of spreading intellectual education. They set up a city library, literary circles and staged plays. In 1884 the magazine "Vožičan" appeared for the first time, the young people published "Potěr" in handwriting. 1885 was the founding date of the gymnastics association Sokol and the association for the construction of the club house.
The economic administrator Josef Joachimsthal also played a large part in the economic development of the place , who, despite resistance from his masters, ultimately campaigned in vain for the construction and connection of the place to the railroad. Instead of the railway, a bus station was built in 1921.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the "Berla" trade association and a local association for the beautification of the city that took care of the preservation of the park and the hiking trails were founded.
In Mladá Vožice there was a district court, branch of the district administration, forest administration, tax office, pension institution, gendarmerie, post office, infirmary, poor house, orphanage and district youth welfare. Fairs were held in the city, as well as monthly markets, cattle markets and every Thursday piglet market.
The inhabitants were mostly employed in the count's court, which also included a saw, brickworks, brewery, pond management, distilleries and quarry. After 1918, two car repair shops were opened, a knitting, laundry and ironing shop were established, and a steam power plant was put into operation, which Jihočeské elektrárny later bought. Up to 1945 there were 74 craftsmen working in the village, 37 traders offered their goods, there was also a small furniture factory and 2 construction companies. Many people were also employed as turners at home, collecting forest fruits. At the beginning of the 20th century, many also worked in gold mines and as seasonal workers throughout the empire.
The agricultural area experienced an economic upheaval and increasing industrialization after 1945. The district court was still located in the city until 1947. From 1949 it belonged to the Prague district and after the reorganization in 1960 to the Tábor district. From 1975 to 1980 other small communities were incorporated into the city.
Personalities
- Matěj z Janova - writer
- Jan Jeník z Bratřic
- Fran Lhotka , Croatian composer
- Joseph Löhner (1767–1837), Bohemian lawyer and farmer
- August Sedláček
Districts
The town of Mladá Vožice consists of the districts Bendovo Záhoří ( Benda Sahorsch ), Blanice ( Blanitz ), Dolní Kouty ( Unter Kaut ), Horní Kouty ( Ober Kaut ), Chocov ( Kotschow ), Janov ( Janow ), Krchova Lomná ( Lomna ), Mladá Vožice ( Jung Woschitz ), Noskov ( Noskow ), Pavlov ( Pawlow ), Radvanov ( Radwanow ), Staniměřice ( Stanimierschitz ), Stará Vožice ( Old Woschitz ) and Ústějov ( Austejow ).
See also
- Mladá Vožice Jewish community
- Synagogue (Mladá Vožice)
- Jewish cemetery (Běleč) , part of the Jewish community of Mladá Vožice
