Matwei Ivanovich Skobelev
Matvei Ivanovich Skobelev ( Russian Матвей Иванович Скобелев ; born October 28 . Jul / 9. November 1885 greg. In Baku ; † 29. July 1938 in Moscow ) was a Russian journalist, engineer, revolutionary , ministers and Soviet politician.
Life
Matwei Skobelew comes from a Russian industrial family who, because of their Molokan convictions, had been deported from the central Russian provinces to the Baku governorate in the mid-19th century. In 1903 he joined the RSDLP . Matwei took part in the Russian Revolution in 1905 ; led the strike of Baku oil workers and avoided the threat of arrest by fleeing abroad. In Vienna he enrolled in the Polytechnic , which he graduated from in 1912. Previously, he contacted Plekhanov and Martov . From 1908 Matwei worked in the editorial office of Leon Trotsky's Russian-language newspaper Pravda . In 1910 he took part in the 8th Congress of the Second International in Copenhagen as an SDLP delegate .
After his return home, Matwei Skobelew was elected to the State Duma as representative of Transcaucasia in 1912 , where he worked in the finance and economy departments. In 1914 he again led a strike by Baku oil workers. One of his articles in the Baku workers' newspaper brought him four months in prison; however without loss of parliamentary rights. During the war , he criticized the Tsar's conduct of war , but advocated the victory of Russian arms .
During the February Revolution of 1917 , the Menshevik Matwei Skobelev became deputy chairman of the Petrograd Soviet and organized the uprising of the Sveaborg and Kronstadt sailors. On jul. / May 14th greg. In 1917 he became Minister of Labor under Kerensky in the Provisional Government . He left the Provisional Government in early September 1917 in protest against the Kornilov Putsch.
Matwei Skobelev initially had reservations about the October Revolution . He did not agree with the dissolution of the Russian Constituent Assembly in mid-January 1918 by the Bolshevik government. But then he turned away from the Mensheviks, campaigned for the Bolshevik Soviet regime on a tour through southern Russia and helped organize the Red Army's fight against the “ whites ”.
At the end of 1920, Matwei Skobelev could not persuade the Grusin Mensheviks to take concerted action with the Red Army against Denikin and went to France . In London he met Lenin's two companions Krassin and Kamenev . Skobelev worked from 1921 as part of Lenin's New Economic Policy as a French branch of Arcos.
Even when Matwei Skobelew returned to the Soviet Union from voluntary French exile in 1925, he continued to work in the foreign trade sector. 1936–1937 he worked in a research facility of the Soviet All Union Broadcasting Committee.
At the end of 1937, Matwei Skobelev was arrested on behalf of Yezhov and shot at the end of July 1938 as an anti-people terrorist. In 1957, during the Khrushchev thaw , Matwei Skobelev was posthumously rehabilitated.
literature
- Leon Trotsky : My life . Attempt an autobiography. Translated from the Russian by Alexandra Ramm . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-320-01574-5 , 543 pages (Licensor: S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main).
Web links
- Entry at doksite.de/person (polyglott)
- Entry at hrono.ru/biograf (Russian)
- Entry at dic.academic.ru (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Russian Бакинская губерния
- ↑ Trotsky, p. 200, see also Preparation for the New Revolution at MIA
- ↑ eng. 8th Congress of the Second International in Copenhagen
- ^ Trotsky, p. 200, 4th Zvu
- ↑ eng. All Russian Co-operative Society
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Skobelew, Matwei Ivanovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Скобелев, Матвей Иванович (Russian); Skobelew, Matvej Ivanovitsc; Skobelev, Matvej Ivanovič; Skobelev, Matvey Ivanovich; Skobelev, Matvei Ivanovich |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian revolutionary and Soviet politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 9, 1885 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Baku |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 29, 1938 |
| Place of death | Moscow |