Maurice Anthony Biot

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Maurice Anthony Biot (born May 25, 1905 in Antwerp , † September 12, 1985 in New York ) was a Belgian-American physicist and founder of the mechanics of porous media.

Life

He studied at the Catholic University of Leuven (philosophy, mining engineering and electrical engineering, in which he graduated) and at the California Institute of Technology , where he received his doctorate in aeronautical science under Theodore von Kármán in 1932 . He later taught at Harvard University (1934–35), Catholic University of Leuven (1935–37), Columbia University (1937–45) and Brown University (1946–50). During the Second World War he worked as Lt. Cdr. for the US Navy . He headed the structural mechanics department and developed an aerodynamic theory of aircraft wing vibrations, which also led to design improvements.

After his time at Brown University, he worked as an independent scientific advisor and was associated with Shell and the Cornell University aerodynamics laboratory, among others.

Biot is the winner of the Tymoshenko Medal in 1962. In the same year he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

In soil mechanics he developed a three-dimensional theory of consolidation in 1941 , after Karl von Terzaghi had previously dealt with the one-dimensional case. In 1956 he also described wave propagation in liquids in porous media.

The ASCE awards the Maurice A. Biot Medal in his honor .

Fonts

  • mit von Karman Mathematical methods in engineering - an introduction to the mathematical treatment of engineering problems , McGraw Hill 1940
  • Ivan Tolstoy (Editor): Acoustics, Elasticity and Thermodynamics of Porous Media. 21 Papers , Acoustical Society of America 1992 (Selected Articles by Biot)
  • Variational Principles in heat transfer: a unified Lagrangian analysis of dissipative phenomena , Oxford University Press 1970
  • Mechanics of incremental deformations: theory of elasticity and viscoelasticity of initially stressed solids and fluids, including thermodynamic foundations and applications to finite strain , Wiley 1965

literature

  • J.-F. Thimus (editor): Poromechanics- a tribute to Maurice Biot , Balkema 1998 (conference at the Catholic University of Leuven 1998)

Web link

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Biot: General theory of three dimensional consolidation , Journal of Applied Physics, 1941
personal data
SURNAME Biot, Maurice Anthony
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Belgian-American physicist and founder of the mechanics of porous media
DATE OF BIRTH May 25, 1905
PLACE OF BIRTH Antwerp , Belgium
DATE OF DEATH September 12, 1985
Place of death New York City , New York , United States