Franciscus Maurolicus
Franciscus Maurolicus (born September 16, 1494 in Messina ; † July 21/22 , 1575 near Messina; also Francesco Maurolico , Greek Frangiskos Maurolykos) was an abbot and an important universal scholar of the 16th century.
Life
He was born in a Greek family who are said to have fled to Sicily after the Turkish conquest of Constantinople , as his first biographer, a nephew of the same name, claims. However, this is incorrect, as the Mauroli family has been traceable since the time of the Sicilian Vespers in Messina. His father Antonio Mauroli was a mint master in Messina, the mother came from the Messinese Spatafora family, which had belonged to the Venetian nobility since the beginning of the 15th century and often provided the Venetian consul in Messina. His father, who had been a student of Konstantin Laskaris , gave him basic knowledge of Greek and astronomy . In 1521 Francesco was ordained a priest by Archbishop Antonio De Lignamine . In addition to church benefices such as in the Basilian monastery of San Nicandro, private lessons in grammar and rhetoric contributed to his livelihood and made his scientific studies possible. From 1528 to 1532 he taught mathematics and geometry in the Carmelite monastery on behalf of the city of Messina . At the beginning of the 20s of the 16th century, Francesco himself transformed the family name Mauroli into Maurolycus in the style of the humanists , probably based on the Sicilian historian and poet Lykos. When Giovanni Ventimiglia became Stratigote of Messina in 1540, the friendship and beneficial relationship for Maurolico began with the family of the Marchesi of Gerace , which would last until the death of Giovanni's son Simone.
The Benedictine - Dept. of Messina was the largest Geometer viewed his time and was also an astronomer, architect and historian. From 1569 Maurolicus was professor at the University of Messina .
Maurolicus was the editor and editor of ancient mathematicians (including Archimedes , Apollonios von Perge ). His most important work is the book Arithmeticorum Libri Duo published in 1575 . In it he gave a proof for the first time with the help of complete induction .
The lunar crater Maurolycus is named after him.
Fonts
- Cosmographia 1543
- Arithmeticorum Libri Duo , Venice 1575 (with music theory excerpts from the work of Boethius )
- Photismi de lumine et umbra 1611 (written 1521)
literature
- Rosario Moscheo: Maurolico, Francesco. In: Mario Caravale (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 72: Massimino-Mechetti. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2009.
- Johann Gottfried Walther : Musical Lexicon [...]. Wolffgang Deer, Leipzig 1732, p. 392 f.
- J.-P. Sutto: Francesco Maurolico, mathématicien italien de la Renaissance (1494–1575), dissertation, University of Paris VII, 1998
Web links
- Writings by Francesco Maurolico in the Opac of the Servizio Bibliotecario Nazionale
- Literature entries in the GBV
- John J. O'Connor, Edmund F. Robertson : Franciscus Maurolicus. In: MacTutor History of Mathematics archive .
- Biography (Ital.)
- Maurolicus: Arithemticorum Libri Duo, digital source
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Maurolicus, Franciscus |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Franciscus Maurolycus; Francesco Maurolico; Franciscus; Francesco Maurolyco |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian-Sicilian mathematician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 16, 1494 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Messina , Sicily |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 21, 1575 or July 22, 1575 |
| Place of death | Messina |