Maximilian Moerlin

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Maximilian Mörlin (born October 14, 1516 in Wittenberg , † April 20, 1584 in Coburg ) was a Protestant theologian , court preacher , superintendent in Coburg and reformer .

Life

He grew up with his older brother Joachim Mörlin as the son of the professor of philosophy at the University of Wittenberg Jodok Mörlin . Due to the peasant unrest in 1525, he fled to Constance with his brother at the age of 9 . After a tough youth in which he learned the tailoring trade, he turned to the profession of scholar. Like Joachim, he studied in Wittenberg from 1533 and received his master's degree there on September 19, 1538. Mörlin was under the influence of Martin Luther and especially Philipp Melanchthon . In a letter from Luther on August 6, 1539, Luther expresses himself particularly benevolently towards Mörlin and expressly recommends his appointment to Justus Jonas . In 1539 he was pastor in Pegau , in Zeitz and in 1543 in Schalkau . On the recommendation of his teachers, he came to Coburg as court preacher in 1544 and visited churches and schools here on behalf of the duke.

After he had obtained his doctorate under Caspar Cruciger the Elder in Wittenberg in 1546 , he was appointed superintendent on June 18, 1548. He acquired Coburg citizenship in September 1547 and 9 years later (1556) from the city council a "stone kemnate" in today's Neugasse. In the theological debates of the time, he initially stood on the side of Matthias Flacius . He ran the condemnation of Justus Menius , took part in the Worms Colloquium in 1557 and wrote the Weimar Confutation Book in 1559 together with Simon Musaeus and Johann Stössel , which became mandatory for the Thuringian church. Duke Johann Friedrich the Middle also took him to Heidelberg to prevent his father-in-law from converting to Reformedism . The Heidelberg Last Supper Discussion , at which he took part from 3rd to 4th July 1560 was involved, remained unsuccessful.

Mörlin, influenced by the Philippists , distanced himself from the radical course that Flacius was taking . He fought against Andreas Osiander and in 1556 helped push through the Reformation in the margraviate of Baden-Durlach . As a spiritual assessor of the Weimar Consistory , he pleaded for peace in the sense of the mediating theology of Melanchthon in 1561. In Jena , he carried out his first theological doctorate as Pro Chancellor and Vice Dean in 1564 and promoted Stössel from Magister to the academic degree of Doctor.

Duke Johann Wilhelm , himself a supporter of Flacius, drove Mörlin out of the country in 1569. He was appointed general superintendent in Dillenburg and undertook church visits in the same year. Later he went to Siegen , where he represented his direction against reformist aspirations. He is described as "a very zealous Lutheran, inflexible and somewhat intolerant". In 1573 he returned unsuccessfully from Siegen to Coburg to be installed in his previous offices. He dismissed the Gnesiolutherans and made use of his influence in the Formula Concordiae and its effects. In February 1576 he took part in the Lichtenberg Convention and shortly afterwards in June at the Torgau Convention.

Mörlin gained importance as a preacher and representative of the church government. He died on April 20, 1584 at 2 a.m. and was buried on April 22, 1584 with a funeral sermon by the superintendent of Heldburg, Johann Frey, in Coburg. The epitaph erected in his honor by Johann Hofer has not survived.

Marriage and offspring

His first marriage was in Zeitz in 1541 with Ursula Rosenthaler (1519–1580) from Nuremberg . From this marriage there were fourteen children, including the daughter Helena (1541-1622), who married Daniel Langer, a son of Johannes Langer , in 1561 . After the death of his first wife, he married Anna Rhau in 1581 († March 31, 1584), the widow of the Coburg rector Johann Weißgerber and daughter of the Wittenberg printer Georg Rhau . The second marriage was childless.

Works

  • Propositiones Petri Malvendae propositae in Colloquio Ratisponensi. Anno 1546. His oppositae propositiones verae disputatae Vitebergae à M. Maximiliano Mauro Vitebergensi docente Euangelium in aula Illustrissimi Ducis Saxoniae Iohannis Ernesti etc., published by Creutzer, Wittenberg, 1546
  • Apophtegmata, sive scite et pie dicta, collecta ex Eusebii Historia Ecclesiastica & Tripartita, published by Montanus & Neuber, Nuremberg, 1554
  • Propositiones, in qvibvs vera de coena domini sententia, iuxta Confessionem Augustanam, adversus quorundam Sacramentariorum certamina dseritur, Ad disputandum in Academia Heydelbergensi, 3rd & 4th June, propositae, Anno 1560, without information on location and printer, 1560
  • Lazarus resvscitatvs. That is: From the deceased and resurrected Lazaro. Simple and brief instruction on how to deal with sick people in sickness and dying. From the XI. Chapter des Evangelist Johannis drawn and interpreted by the highly learned Maximilianum Morlin, published by Anton Corthoys, Frankfurt, 1572
  • A Christian consolation script and instruction from the little children who cannot be brought to the baptism with it, published by Gerlach, Nuremberg, 1575

literature

  • Johann Christian Thomä: That of the whole Evangelical Churches, especially in the whole Principality of Coburg, rose in the evening. This is a historical description of the healing Reformation work and life of Lutheri, as well as of all Protestant preachers and city school colleagues of ..., published by Paul Günther Pfotenhauer, Coburg, 1722, pages 359–367
  • Johann Werner Krauss: Contributions to the explanation of the Hochfürstl. Saxony-Hildburghausen Church, School and State History, Volumes I to IV, published by Johann Gottfried Hanisch, Hildburghausen, 1752–1754
  • Johann Hermann Steubing: Biographical news from the 16th century, a contribution to the history of churches and the Reformation, published by Krieger, Giesen, 1790, page 57–64
  • Julius August Wagenmann:  Mörlin, Maximilian . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, p. 325.
  • K. Färber, Lezius:  Mörlin, Maximilian . In: Realencyklopadie for Protestant Theology and Church (RE). 3. Edition. Volume 13, Hinrichs, Leipzig 1903, pp. 247-249.
  • Ingo Krauß: Die Mörlin, in: Familiengeschichte Blätter, monthly for the entire German scientific genealogy, 26th year, Leipzig, 1928, pages 161–170
  • Wittenberg scholar studbook . Editor of the Historisches Museum Berlin. Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle 1999, ISBN 3-932776-76-3 , p. 327
  • August Beck: Johann Friedrich the Middle . Böhlau, Weimar, 1858, DNB 1048037053
  • Greiner: The life and work of the doctor of theology Maximilian Mörlin (Superintendent of Coburg) . In: From the homeland (of the Coburg country), 1936
  • Friedrich Meinhof: Thuringian Pastors' Book, Volume 9: Duchy of Saxony-Coburg (Care of Coburg) with Office Königsberg in Franconia, draft, Heiligenstadt, 2015–2016, pages 212–213
  • Matthias Dall'Asta, Heidi Hein, Christine Mundhenk: Melanchthons Briefwechsel, Volume T17 (July-Dec. 1547), frommann-holzboog, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, 2016, pages 214–216

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Luther to Justus Jonas, letter from Wittenberg of August 6, 1539, in: D. Martin Luthers Werke, critical complete edition, correspondence, 8th volume, Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar, 1938, pages 526-527 (letter no. 3373)
  2. ^ Ingo Krauss, page 163
  3. ^ Ernst Cyriaci: The history of houses in the city of Coburg until 1937, Coburg, 1945–1948
  4. ^ Johann Hermann Steubing, page 61
  5. ^ F. Peters-Marquardt: Georg Rhaw from Eisfeld, publisher of the writings of Luther and Melanchthon in Wittenberg; in: North Franconian monthly sheets for December 1954, Coburg, 1954, pages 612–619
personal data
SURNAME Moerlin, Maximilian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Protestant theologian, court preacher, superintendent in Coburg and reformer
DATE OF BIRTH October 14, 1516
PLACE OF BIRTH Wittenberg
DATE OF DEATH April 20, 1584
Place of death Coburg