Miechowice
| Miechowice Miechowitz |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Silesia | ||
| District of: | Bytom | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 22 ' N , 18 ° 51' E | ||
| Residents : | 24,562 (2010) | ||
| Postal code : | 41-923, 41-908 | ||
| License plate : | SY | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
.JPG)
Miechowice (German: Miechowitz ) is a district of Bytom (Beuthen) in Upper Silesia . Until 1951 it was an independent municipality, in the same year it was incorporated into the city of Bytom, since November 26, 2008 it has been a municipality.
history
The place was first mentioned in a document in 1336. The local church was first mentioned in 1524. In 1817 the castle was built by the von Tiele-Winckler family . In 1823 the Maria-Galmeigrube was founded in what had been a rural village until then, which led to the industrialization of the place.
In 1865 Miechowitz consisted of a church village and a dominium (domain), and the colonies Karf and Oschin also belonged to it. This year the place had four farmers, two half-farmers, four quarter-farmers, 17 gardeners, 50 farmers and 56 farmers. The pits were there: the Marie-Galmeigrube, the Emilienfreude-Galmeigrube and the Johanna-Galmeigrube. In 1902 the Preußengrube coal mine was put into operation. In 1905 the place had 7572 inhabitants.
In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 1,685 eligible voters voted to remain in Germany and 4,472 to belong to Poland. At Gut Miechowitz, 62 people voted for Germany and 58 for Poland. Miechowitz stayed with the German Empire after the new border was drawn . In 1933 there were 17,288 inhabitants, of which 15,727 were Catholic, 1432 Protestant and 29 Jewish. On February 5, 1936, the place was renamed Mechtal. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Beuthen .
After the invasion of the Soviet Army in January 1945, they carried out a massacre of the local civilian population from January 25 to 27, 1945 , as well as the Polish workers in the area. It is proven that more than 200 people were murdered, including the Catholic priest Johannes Frenzel. They also looted the castle and destroyed it. The local evangelical sisters of the deaconess mother house of the Friedenshort were expelled. The sisters of the Friedenshort settled in Freudenberg in 1945 . In 1946, some of the Protestant deaconesses found a new home for their work and their orphans in the Bavarian town of Oberlauringen.
In 1945 the previously German place came under Polish administration and was renamed Miechowice and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. 1950 the place came to the Voivodeship Katowice. In 1951 it was incorporated into the city of Bytom. In the 1970s and 1980s, large housing estates were built near Miechowice. On November 26, 2008, Miechowice was raised to the city district, whereby a district council could be elected.
Attractions
- The Catholic Kreuzkirche , built between 1857 and 1864 in neo-Gothic style
- The Catholic Corpus Christi Church , built between 1914 and 1917 according to the architect's plans in the neo-baroque style
- The Evangelical Church , in neo-Gothic style from 1896 with a rectory from 1894
- The Barbarakapelle on the Grytzberg (Grützberg) from 1850 in neo-Gothic style
- Remains of the Miechowitz Castle , built between 1812 and 1817 and destroyed in 1945, and ancillary buildings
- The castle park
- The Mother Eve House
- Neo-Gothic cemetery chapel
- The buildings of the former hospice and various nursing homes
societies
- German Friendship Circle (DFK)
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the place
- Josef Bonczol (1934–2012), archivist and chronicler
- Norbert Bontzek (1837–1893), Catholic clergyman and author
- Johann Brettner (1799–1866), teacher
- Georg Gaidzik (1921–1953), people's police officer of the GDR, killed in the popular uprising on June 17, 1953
- Peter Osypka (* 1934), German entrepreneur and founder
- Werner Osypka (1931–2012), German politician and member of the Hessian state parliament
- Josef Schmidt (* 1935), athlete
- Eva von Tiele-Winckler (1866–1930), German deaconess and one of the first women in a management position at the deaconry, known as "Mother Eva"
- Franz Hubert von Tiele-Winckler (1857–1922), German landowner, mining industrialist and Prussian district administrator
Further
- Johannes Frenzel (1907–1945), German clergyman, Catholic pastor of Miechowitz
- August Kimme (1912–1999), Protestant theologian, vicar in Miechowitz
- Rudolf Pastucha (* 1936), Lutheran theologian, pastor in Miechowice
- Franz von Winckler (1803-1851), German coal and steel entrepreneur, landlord on Miechowitz
literature
- Joachim Stopik: Beuthen-Miechowitz / Mechtal - The history of a place and its inhabitants in the heart of the Upper Silesian industrial area until 1946. Laumann-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-89960-310-1 .
- Ludwig Chrobok: Forays of the little homeland researcher in Miechowitz. 1930.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Breslau 1865.
- ^ Results of the referendum in Upper Silesia of 1921: Literature , table in digital form ( Memento from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Beuthen in Upper Silesia. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Z cyklu "Bytomskie Spotkania Historyczne" on ipn.gov.pl
- ↑ Tragedia Górnośląska w Pięciu aktach in Dziennik Zachodni
Bobrek (Bobrek) | Górniki (Friedrichswille) | Downtown | Karb (Karf) | Łagiewniki (Hohenlinde) | Miechowice (Miechowitz) | Osiedle called Jerzego Ziętka | Rozbark (Roßberg) | Stolarzowice (Stollarzowitz) | Stroszek (Strossek) | Sucha Góra (dry mountain) | Szombierki (Schomberg)