Miguel Llobet

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Miguel Llobet, 1905

Miguel Llobet Solés ( cat. Miquel Llobet i Solés ; born October 18, 1878 in Barcelona , † February 22, 1938 ibid) was a Spanish guitarist and composer . He is the most important representative of the Tárregas school and was considered the greatest Spanish guitar virtuoso at the time. Llobet is assigned to the Catalan Guitar School.

Development towards modern guitar technology

If you take a closer look at guitar playing with regard to its development into modern technology, then one name is always in the foreground: Francisco Tárrega . It is true that he and his work belong more to the 19th century. But his pioneering work for the guitar only became a worldwide success after the turn of the 20th century through the teaching and concert activities of his two students Emilio Pujol and Miguel Llobet. Llobet is considered the most important representative of the Tárregas school.

biography

Tárrega's heirs: Andrés Segovia (1893–1987), Miguel Llobet (1878–1938), Daniel Fortea (1878–1953) and Emilio Pujol (1886–1980)

Miguel Llobet was born the son of an artisan or wood carver and gilder. He grew up in close proximity to Francisco Tárrega in Barcelona. Early on he was enthusiastic about painting, violin and piano. Later his uncle gave him a guitar. In 1889 he pursued the guitar composer Antonio Jiménez Manjón at the Teatre Catalunya. His visit in 1894 prompted him to take lessons with Francisco Tárrega at the city music school in Barcelona. His circle of friends included Pau Casals , Emilio Pujol, Ricardo Viñes and Gaspar Cassadó . In 1900 he met Concepción Jacoby , who was already sponsoring Tárrega financially.

After that he began a lively concert activity in larger cities in Spain. In 1903 he played in front of the royal family in Madrid. Like many of his music colleagues, he was drawn to Paris in 1904 . The pianist Ricardo Viñes organized his first concert there. From here he went on tours in various countries in Europe and Latin America. Later he also gave concerts in the USA. Everywhere he performed he was able to celebrate sensational successes. His unique technique, his musical temperament and his interpretation of classical works as well as contemporary music sparked enthusiasm among the audience. Although not mentioned in Segovia's autobiography, he is said to have taught him in 1915.

The works

Miguel Llobet, Emilio Pujol, Juan Carlos Anido, María Luisa Anido and Domingo Prat in the Anido house, 1919

Llobet's compositions are mainly based on Catalan folk music. His arrangements of classical works, which have received praise from experts, have now found their way into the repertoire of contemporary guitar virtuosos. Llobet encouraged Manuel de Falla to compose a “Homenaje” ( Pour le Tombeau de Claude Debussy ) for the guitar. With this work, composed in the summer of 1920, premiered by Llobet in 1921 and performed by Segovia in 1922, de Falla opened the repertoire of original guitar compositions in the 20th century. It is one of the central and most important works of modern music for guitar. The Argentine María Luisa Anido achieved international recognition from the large group of Llobets students . With her he played in a duet and set several works to music.

Selection of the guitar works by Miguel Llobet

  • Canco del Lladre
  • El Mestre
  • El Testament d'Amelia
  • La Filadora
  • La Filia del Marxant
  • La Nit de Nadal
  • L'Hèreu Riera
  • Lo Fill del Rei
  • Lo Rossinyol
  • Plany
  • El Noi de la Mare (cancione popular catalana)
  • La Pastoreta (Cancione Popular Catalana)
  • Leonesa (cancione popular catalana)
  • Estilos Populares Argentinos, Nos 1 + 2
  • Estudios Capricho
  • Estudios en mi major
  • La Preco de Lleida
  • mazurka
  • Prelude Original
  • Preludio en la mayor
  • Preludio en mi mayor
  • Preludio en re mayor
  • Repuesta-Impromptu
  • Romanza
  • Scherzo Vals
  • Variaciones sobre un Tema de Sor

Known students

literature

  • Josef Zuth: Handbook of the lute and guitar . Reprographic reprint of the Vienna edition 1926–28. Olms, Hildesheim, New York 1972, ISBN 3-487-04290-8 , p. 180.
  • Maurice J. Summerfield: The Classical Guitar. Its Evolution, Players and Personalities Since 1800 . 5th Edition, Ashley Mark Publishing Company, Newcastle upon Tyne 2002, ISBN 1-872639-51-8 , p. 181.
  • Hermann Leeb: From Segovia, Pujol and Llobet. Guitar & Lute (1980), 6, p. 32 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Generalitat de Catalunya - Culturcat (web archive): Catalan musicians (19th Century AC - 20th Century AC). Retrieved January 21, 2019 . There is a section about the Catalan guitar school .
  2. ↑ Wolf Moser : "When I see a good thing, I rewrite it for myself ..." Interview with José de Azpiazu. In: Guitar & Laute 9, 1987, 3, pp. 8-16; here: p. 15 f.
  3. ↑ Wolf Moser: The missed repertoire. In: Guitar & Laute 5, 1983, No. 6, pp. 388-395; here: pp. 391–393.
personal data
SURNAME Llobet, Miguel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Llobet Solés, Miguel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish guitarist and composer
DATE OF BIRTH October 18, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Barcelona
DATE OF DEATH February 22, 1938
Place of death Barcelona