Mikola Abramtschyk

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Mikola Abramtschyk ( Belarusian Мікола Абрамчык ; born August 16, 1903 near Maladchechna , Russian Empire , † May 29, 1970 in Paris ) was a Belarusian politician and publicist. From 1943 to 1970 he was President of the Rada BNR , the government-in-exile of the Belarusian People's Republic .

Life

Abramtschyk graduated from school in Radashkovichy in 1920 . At the beginning of the 1920s, at the age of 19, he was the representative of the government of the newly founded Belarusian People's Republic in the district of Vialejka in western Belarus , which is controlled by Poland. In order to coordinate local activities with the underground groups in Minsk, Abramtschyk traveled illegally to the Belarusian SSR several times .

In 1924 he received a scholarship from the Czechoslovak government, which gave him the opportunity to study in Prague . In Prague, Abramtschyk received several university degrees and became an active participant in Belarusian political life.

In 1930 Mikola Abramtschyk moved to Paris . He became the co-founder and head of the Chaurus , an association of Belarusian workers in France. He was the editor of two Belarusian newspapers in France.

Second World War

During the Second World War , Abramtschyk supported the idea of ​​founding a Belarusian state that would be allied with Germany. His cooperation with the German Empire was shorter and less active than the cooperation of other Belarusian politicians who became members of the Belarusian Central Council .

In 1939 he went to Berlin to write for the Belarusian-language newspaper Ranica , which was financially supported by the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories . According to a US student study, Abramtschyk, who is said to have worked in secret for the Gestapo , was dismissed by his German superiors due to his lack of journalistic skills and transferred to the White Ruthenian Committee in Berlin, where he was also involved in an abuse scandal of committee money, was released after a short time. Abramtschyk returned to Prague, where he became president of the Rada BNR in 1943.

There are anti-Semitic handed statements Abramtschyks. In his book Historyia Bielarusi un karatakh , published in Berlin in 1942 , he wrote that Lenin, along with Jewish merchants and his insidious collaborators, Nikolai Bukharin , combined Marx and the Talmud into a doctrine called Bolshevism .

In 1944, Abramtschyk, together with Radaslau Astrouski and Usewalad Rodska , met with the Waffen-SS officer Otto Skorzeny to decide on a collaboration to find recruits and personnel for sabotage operations and to train infiltrators, which was followed by the establishment was realized by training camps in Walbuze and Dallwitz , where the airborne battalion of the same name was set up.

As president of the Rada BNR and because of his possible Jewish origin, Abramtschyk was under pressure from the Gestapo . He made contact with the Belarusian underground movement, but was brought to Paris by the Germans, where he had to live under the constant supervision of the Gestapo.

post war period

Abramtschyk's grave on the Père Lachaise in Paris

After the end of the war, Abramtschyk lived in France. As president of the Belarusian government-in-exile, he was the head of most of the politically active Belarusian diaspora in the West and maintained contacts with the governments of Western countries in order to gain their support for the Belarusian independence movement in the event of a war between the West and the Soviet Union. On November 28, 1947 Abramtschyk was elected President of the Rada BNR at a conference.

According to a student study, Abramtschyk allegedly worked for the French secret service in Paris and was also recruited by the British secret service under Kim Philby . From 1950 Abramtschyks Rada BNR worked together with the CIA . Many members of the government-in-exile of the Belarusian Central Council switched to the Rada BNR after it became known that it would be better financed. This led to competition between the two governments in exile. In the 1950s and 1960s Abramtschyk headed the American Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia .

Fonts

  • I Accuse the Kremlin of the Genocide of My Nation. Toronto. Byelorussian Alliance in Canada, 1950 ( BSB catalog )

Web links

Commons : Mikola Abramchyk  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Wojciech Roszkowski, Jan Kofman: Biographical Dictionary of Central and Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. Routledge, July 8, 2016. p. 4.
  2. ↑ a b c Uladsimir Arlou : Імёны Свабоды: Мікола Абрамчык ( Belarusian ) August 21, 2006.
  3. ^ A b c d Mark Alexander: Nazi Collaborators, American Intelligence, and the Cold War. The Case of the Byelorussian Central Council. University of Vermont Graduate College Dissertations and Theses, No. 424, 2015, pp. 89–91 ( PDF )
  4. ^ John-Paul Himka, Joanna Beata Michlic : Bringing the Dark Past to Light: The Reception of the Holocaust in Postcommunist Europe. U of Nebraska Press, 2013, ISBN 978-0-80324-647-8 , p. 78
  5. ^ John-Paul Himka, Joanna Beata Michlic: Bringing the Dark Past to Light: The Reception of the Holocaust in Postcommunist Europe. U of Nebraska Press, 2013, ISBN 978-0-80324-647-8 , p. 66
  6. ↑ Perry Biddiscombe: The SS Hunter Battalions. The Hidden History of the Nazi Resistance Movement . Tempus, Stroud 2006, p. 66.
personal data
SURNAME Abramtschyk, Mikola
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Абрамчык, Мікола (Belarusian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Belarusian politician and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH August 16, 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH at Maladsetschna
DATE OF DEATH May 29, 1970
Place of death Paris