Nicholas of Pelgrims

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Memorial plaque on the Evangelical Church in Pelhřimov

Nikolaus von Pelgrims (Czech Mikuláš z Pelhřimova , also Nicolaus Pilgramensis , Mikuláš Biskupec z Pelhřimova ) (* around 1385 in Pelhřimov ; † 1460 in Poděbrady ) was a Czech bishop , chronicler and diplomat .

Life

In 1409 he took his bachelor's degree at the University of Prague under Jan Hus . He soon sympathized with the Taborites , who in 1420 elected him their bishop and treasurer. In this position he took part in negotiations with other Hussite groups and defended his teaching against the Prague masters of the liberal arts .

1421 he turned together with John of Jitschin to Jacob of Mies and John of Pribram with a request for assessment of the Eucharistic dispute with the Picards , according to the teaching of the bread and wine at Mass as a sign of the body and blood of Jesus Christ were considered where the gifts should not represent the body of Christ but his deeds. The decision in favor of the Taborites finally strengthened Jan Žižka in the violent suppression of the Adamites . In 1422 Nicholas formulated the Taborite doctrine at the synod in Pisek , which he represented until 1452.

In 1432 he took part in the Council of Basel as ambassador for the Bohemian side . Here he defended the right of secular rule of the priests. After the Battle of Lipan (1434) he lost prestige and power among the Bohemian religious representatives because of his views. In 1443 he was forced to present his teaching at the priests' meeting in Kuttenberg . This was condemned as seduced and heretical. In 1444 his teaching was finally banned as heresy at the Prague Congress. After the suppression of the Taborites in 1452, Nicholas was imprisoned, initially imprisoned in Prague's old town and, after refusing to follow Jan Rokycana , interned in several prisons of George of Podebrady . He died in prison in Podebrady .

Teaching

Nikolaus von Pelgrim's teaching only recognized the Bible and only considered biblical education to be sensible. All church ceremonies, purgatory, holidays with the exception of Sunday, prayers for the dead and many other things were not recognized by him.

Works

His works are mainly religious writings and correspondence with Peter von Cheltschitz , Rokycan and radical Hussite preachers, tracts, ideons, sermons and public speeches. He wrote his three-part “Chronicle of Tábor” in Lipany . It ends with a defense of his creeds according to the Prague judgment.

bibliography

  • Confessio Thaboritarum (Confession and Defense of Tabor)
  • Scriptum super quattuor evangelia in unum concordata (exposition of the four gospels)
  • Chronicon causam sacerdotum Thaboriensium continens (Chronicle of Tabor from 1419 to 1444)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Josef Bartoš, Stanislava Kovářová, Miloš Trapl (eds.): Osobnosti českých dějin . Alda, Olomouc (Olmütz) 1995, ISBN 80-85600-39-0 , chapter Biskupec z Pelhřimova Mikuláš , p. 23 .
personal data
SURNAME Nicholas of Pelgrims
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mikuláš z Pelhřimova; Nicolaus Pilgramensis; Mikuláš Biskupec z Pelhřimova
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech bishop, chronicler and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH 1385
PLACE OF BIRTH Pelhřimov
DATE OF DEATH 1460
Place of death Poděbrady