Moritz Martini

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Moritz Gustav Martini (born December 17, 1794 in Pirna , † July 11, 1875 in Görlitz ) was a German institutional psychiatrist . As the long-time director of the insane sanatorium in Leubus , he shaped the development of the insane in Silesia .

Life

Martini graduated from the Fürstenschule zu Schulpforta and studied medicine in Leipzig from 1811 . During the Wars of Liberation, he worked as an assistant doctor in the Pirna war hospitals , where he met the insane doctor Ernst Pienitz and the ophthalmologist Heinrich Gottlob Schmalz , but also contracted typhoid fever. In 1818 he passed the "pro licentia praxeos" exam and obtained his doctorate in medicine in Leipzig in 1822 and a doctorate in philosophy in 1823. In Leipzig he joined the Freemason Lodge Minerva to the three palm trees . In 1822 he participated in the founding of the gathering of German doctors and natural scientists . He actually wanted to do his habilitation in ophthalmology , but went back to Pirna for family reasons, where he became an assistant doctor at the private insane asylum in Pirna under Pienitz. He then went to Berlin for a longer stay , where he made the acquaintance of Johann Gottfried Langermann .

In 1824, on Langermann's initiative, Martini was appointed director of the insane sanatorium in Leubus by Minister Karl vom Stein zum Altenstein , which was to be set up in the rooms of the former Leubus monastery . He took office when the institute opened in 1830. In the meantime he had undertaken a two-year study trip, including one year with Jean-Étienne Esquirol in Paris .

Martini influenced the development of institutional psychiatry in Silesia . He published scientific papers in various journals, but did not write any monographic studies. In 1869 he was appointed to the secret medical council. For reasons of age he retired in 1872 and retired in Dresden and later in Görlitz. He succumbed to the consequences of a fractured thigh.

Fonts

  • De fili serici usu in quibusdam viarum lacrymalium morbis. Diss. Med. Leipzig 1822.
  • Change of idiom for lunatic . In: Allg. Magazine f. Psychiatrie 13 (1856), pp. 605-612.
  • The conceptual provisions of the general land law about mad, mad and stupid . In: Allg. Magazine f. Psychiatrie 15 (1858), pp. 232-250.

literature

  • Brückner (Creuzburg): Obituary . In: Allg. Magazine f. Psychiatrie 32 (1875), pp. 716-720.
  • Melchior Josef Bandorf :  Martini, Moritz Gustav . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1884, p. 514 f.
  • Biographical lexicon of outstanding doctors of all times and peoples , Vol. 4, 2nd edition (Berlin 1932)
  • Alma Kreuter: German-speaking neurologists and psychiatrists. A biographical-bibliographical lexicon from the forerunners to the middle of the 20th century, Vol. 2, Saur, Munich 1996.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Steinberg: The Silesian Provincial Insane Asylum Leubus in the 19th century with special consideration of the work of Emil Kraepelin. Würzburg medical history reports 21, 2002, pp. 533–553; Pp. 533-537.
personal data
SURNAME Martini, Moritz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Martini, Moritz Gustav (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German institutional psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH December 17, 1794
PLACE OF BIRTH Pirna
DATE OF DEATH July 11, 1875
Place of death Goerlitz