Moritz Schmid (Provost)
Moritz Schmid (also Mauritius Schmitt , Moritz Schmidt ; * 1733 in Bergtheim , † 1818 in Grafenrheinfeld ) was the last provost of the Augustinian canons in Heidenfeld from 1787 to 1803 before secularization.
Heidenfeld before Schmid
Before Moritz Schmid was chosen, the provost's office in Heidenfeld was characterized by a long flowering phase. So, shortly after the end of the Thirty Years' War, Provost Andreas Deichmann succeeded in paying off the monastery debt. His successors then pushed ahead with the baroque renovation of the monastery buildings. Sigismund Derleth was able to lay the foundation stone for the renovation of the convent building in 1723. Balthasar Neumann from Würzburg could be won as a master builder.
At the same time, Electoral Palatinate Bavaria came closer and closer to Napoleonic France, as it hoped to compensate for its lost areas on the left bank of the Rhine. The plan worked on February 25, 1803, when the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss decided to dissolve the spiritual German states. The prince-bishopric of Würzburg, the guarantor for the independence of the monastery, became Bavarian.
Life
Moritz Schmid was probably born in Bergtheim in Franconia in 1733. The family may have moved to Grafenrheinfeld at a later date , as Schmid is also known as Grafenrheinfeld. Nothing is known about the family of the future provost, he probably attended a Latin school so that he could later study at a university . Schmid became a priest and probably entered the Heidenfeld Abbey early on.
When provost Franz Xaver Schreiber died in August 1787, a new election became necessary, from which Schmid emerged victorious. In 1790 the new provost wrote a letter to the Würzburg prince-bishop Franz Ludwig von Erthal , in which he pointed out that the provost's income was no longer sufficient to keep the monastery. A way out of this situation was seen in establishing a first proto-industry around the pen. A " saltpeter plantation" was created for the production of fertilizer and a boiling plant.
Provost Moritz also promoted the expansion of the dependent monastery courtyards such as the Ellenhof. At the same time, the Heidenfeld village church of St. Laurentius was rebuilt by 1790. Among other things, one could win Johann Peter Wagner for the interior of the house of God. In 1803, secularization reached the Augustinian canons. Surprisingly for the canons , the pen was to be dissolved.
On May 19, 1803, the last mass was celebrated in the monastery church. On May 20, the Augustinians had to leave the facility. While the older ones were settled with pensions, the younger canons were employed in pastoral care. Because of his old age, Provost Moritz received permission to set up a house chapel in a house in Grafenrheinfeld. He lived to see the monastery church being torn down and the inventory being sold from 1805 onwards. Moritz Schmid died in Grafenrheinfeld in 1818.
coat of arms
The personal coat of arms of Provost Moritz has been handed down twice. It is on a coat of arms engraving and on the painting by Conrad Geiger in the Museum für Franken . Schmid first introduced the red basilisk as the monastery coat of arms; it is also immortalized on the portrait. Description of the personal coat of arms: “A silver bar with a black chain on a red background. The crest shows a growing male figure in a blue skirt and blue hat, holding a hammer in his right hand. "
literature
- Norbert Backmund: The canons and their monasteries in Bavaria. Augustinian Canons, Premonstratensians, Canons v. Holy Spirit, Antonite . Passau 1966.
- Brigitte Schröder: Main Franconian monastery heraldry. The monasteries and monasteries bearing the coat of arms in the old diocese of Würzburg (= sources and research on the history of the diocese and monastery of Würzburg, vol. XXIV) . Würzburg 1971.
- Benvenut Stengele : The former Augustinian Canons Monastery of Klosterheidenfeld am Main (Lower Franconia) (= calendar for Catholic Christians for the year 1897) . Sulzbach in the Upper Palatinate 1896.
- Johannes Zimmermann: Heidenfeld - parish and village. 1141-1991 . Münsterschwarzach 1991.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ While Zimmermann mentions this place, Stengele (p. 122) assumes Grafenrheinfeld. Compare: Zimmermann, Johannes: Heidenfeld - Parish and Village . P. 86.
- ↑ Backmund, Norbert: The canons and their pens in Bavaria . P. 85.
- ^ Zimmermann, Johannes: Heidenfeld - parish and village . P. 87.
- ^ Zimmermann, Johannes: Heidenfeld - parish and village . P. 101.
- ^ Schröder, Brigitte: Mainfränkische Klosterheraldik . P. 206.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schmid, Moritz |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Schmitt, Mauritius; Schmidt, Moritz |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German provost |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1733 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bergtheim |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1818 |
| Place of death | Grafenrheinfeld |