Andreas IV. Deichmann

Portrait of the provost Andreas Deichmann. Engraving 1670

Andreas IV. Deichmann (also Andreas Marcus Deichmann ; * around 1604 in Hausen , today Bad Kissingen ; † February 1, 1673 ) was provost of the Augustinian canons in Heidenfeld from 1644 to 1673 .

Heidenfeld before Deichmann

The time before Andreas Deichmann was elected was characterized by two opposing developments in Heidenfeld. After Provost John VI. After being accused of witchcraft and eventually being burned, the Canons elected John VII Molitor as the new headmaster. He managed to reduce the high level of debt that his predecessor had left behind. He also reformed religious life in Heidenfeld and Triefenstein.

At the same time, the Thirty Years' War with the Swedish soldiers under General Wrangel reached the Canon Monastery. In 1631 they quartered themselves in the buildings, the Catholic monks had to flee. The monastery was subordinated to the Lutheran imperial city of Schweinfurt and plundered by the administrators appointed. Deichmann's predecessor, Provost Laurentius Wirsing , then managed to prevent the Swedes from burning down the monastery.

Life

Early years

Andreas Marcus Deichmann was born around 1604 in what is now the Bad Kissingen district in Lower Franconia, probably in Hausen, which is now part of Bad Kissingen. The village was part of the Duchy of Würzburg and was oriented towards the diocese metropolis. Deichmann's parents were farmers, perhaps the then tenant of the so-called Lower Saline , Jobst Deichmann from Münnerstadt, was related to the future provost. Deichmann's basic schooling is in the dark.

After graduating from school, which Deichmann had probably achieved in a so-called Latin school , he moved to Würzburg to attend the university there. Here he studied philosophy, theology, law and medicine. At the age of 18, he joined the Augustinian Canons' Monastery in Triefenstein in Spessart. Deichmann was probably dressed in 1622. A year later, in 1623, he made his vows and celebrated profession . Andreas Deichmann became a priest in Triefenstein in 1627.

The monastery was occupied by the Protestant Swedes in 1631. Andreas Deichmann had to leave Triefenstein with provost Johannes Molitor, now head of Triefenstein, and both fled to Cologne . After the Swedes withdrew, the two could not return to Triefenstein until 1634. Andreas Deichmann now worked as a priest in various Augustinian parishes around Triefenstein, which were threatened by the Thirty Years War.

As provost

When the moors Provost Lawrence Savoy in May 1644 passed away who had canons in the friendly with Triefenstein monastery elect a successor. The Würzburg professor Wolfgang Speth brought Deichmann into conversation, who was surprisingly elected provost of Heidenfeld. In 1644 he was introduced into office as Andreas IV. The war raged in Heidenfeld too and there was a shortage of priests. Deichmann began teaching in the convent school to train new clergy.

Heidenfeld had several parishes that were soon looked after by Deichmann's novices . In 1646 Schwebheim was able to repay the money that the community had borrowed from the monastery during the Swedish invasions. Thus provost Andreas IV succeeded in redeeming the goods pledged during the war. However, as early as 1647, troops under General Wrangel occupied the buildings in Heidenfeld and looted them.

Provost Andreas Deichmann fled during the attack via the castle on the Zabelstein to Bamberg , where he stayed for three months . On his return he entered into negotiations with Carl Gustav Wrangel and came to appreciate the Protestant personally. Deichmann thus had a great influence on the Swedish soldiers who still held the monastery and prevented further attacks. In 1648 the Thirty Years War ended.

On October 16, 1650, Deichmann had two altars for the collegiate church consecrated by the auxiliary bishop in Würzburg , Johann Melchior Söllner . Due to the provost's loyal attitude during the war, Heidenfeld received the Öttershausen estate as a fiefdom in 1651 . In addition, the canons were increasingly employed in pastoral care and looked after the parish of Großlangheim , among others . At the same time, pilgrimages to the monastery began, which probably had the remains of Liborius Wagner as their destination.

On December 15, 1636, the mortal remains of the martyr came to Heidenfeld. In 1654 the Pope set up a commission to investigate the sacred life of Wagner. Deichmann had himself witnessed the torture of Liborius and was heard. At the same time Provost Andreas improved the retreats and the monastery discipline, so that the saying soon circulated: "Whoever fears the Probst zu Heidenfeldt more than God is of no use".

In 1664, Pope Alexander VII granted the provost the privilege of wearing the miter and other episcopal insignia such as the inful . Deichmann was re-consecrated in the same year by Prince-Bishop Johann Philipp von Schönborn and received by his subjects. In the last years of his life the canons put the coadiutor Georg Bauer , later provost himself, at his side. Andreas IV. Deichmann died on February 1, 1673.

literature

• Norbert Backmund: The canons and their monasteries in Bavaria. Augustinian Canons, Premonstratensians, Canons v. Holy Spirit, Antonite . Passau 1966.
• Erich Schneider: Monasteries and monasteries in Mainfranken . Wuerzburg 1993.
• Benvenut Stengele : The former Augustinian Canons Monastery of Klosterheidenfeld am Main (Lower Franconia) (= calendar for Catholic Christians for the year 1897) . Sulzbach in the Upper Palatinate 1896.
• Johannes Zimmermann: Heidenfeld - parish and village. 1141-1991 . Münsterschwarzach 1991.

Web links

Commons : Andreas IV. Deichmann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ While Zimmermann mentions this place, Stengele (p. 121) assumes Münnerstadt. See: Zimmermann, Johannes: Heidenfeld - Pfarrei und Dorf . P. 58.
2. ↑ Backmund, Norbert: The canons and their pens in Bavaria . P. 85.
3. ^ Zimmermann, Johannes: Heidenfeld - parish and village . P. 59.
4. ^ Schneider, Erich: Monasteries and monasteries in Mainfranken . P. 116.
5. ^ Zimmermann, Johannes: Heidenfeld - parish and village . P. 57.
6. ^ Stengele, Benvenut: The former Augustinian Canons Monastery of Klosterheidenfeld am Main . P. 121.