Moritzkirche (hall)

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St. Moritz
Moritz Church

Moritz Church

Data
place Halle (Saale) , Saxony-Anhalt
builder u. a. Conrad von Einbeck, Hans Brochstete, Nickel Hoffmann
Construction year 1388 to 1557
height 22 m
Coordinates 51 ° 28 '48.5 "  N , 11 ° 57' 59"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '48.5 "  N , 11 ° 57' 59"  E

The former Augustinian Chorherrenstiftskirche St. Moritz ( Sankt Moritz ) is a late Gothic hall church in the southwest corner of the old town of Halle (Saale) with an important organ and late Gothic stone sculptures. It is in need of renovation. In 2013, the expenditure required for the renovation was estimated at 2.1 million euros.

Building history

The church was built on the site of a previous Romanesque building from 1388. The construction was carried out in sections, initially with the eastern part, when the previous church was still standing. The builder was initially Conrad von Einbeck . After him worked at the church a. a. Hans Brochstete and Nickel Hoffmann . The closure was planned in the western part with a pair of towers, but this was never implemented. Instead, the west tower planned for the last construction phase of the nave (1453-1510) only reached the height of the outer walls. In 1557, the interior work was largely completed. The nave is characterized by two construction phases. The older east side, begun in 1388, is characterized by a remarkable three-dimensional, decorative architectural style. The western half, which began in the 15th century, is much simpler, which is due to the reduced financial strength of the builders (Augustinian canons and pawns). From 1694 to 1697 the church was given a baroque steeple, which was demolished in 1789 after a partial collapse. The current low tower tower was built between 1801 and 1803, the monastery building and cloister were demolished between 1806 and 1808. In the period that followed, there were repeated renovation measures (1838–1841, 1910–1916, 1956–1958, 1972–1978). In 2015–2017, the roof structure, which was infested with dry rot and insects, was repaired.

Westwork
The interior of the church: view of the chancel 2012.

Church history

The Moritzkirche was probably founded in the second third of the 12th century (between 1121 and 1144) as a parish church in the southern old town, and from 1184 it is also the collegiate church of the Moritzstift of the Augustinian Canons . It also gained importance within the city as the parish church of the Halleschen Pfänkeit (saltworker). It is dedicated to St. Moritz , the patron saint of the Magdeburg diocese. In 1519 the monastery was dissolved and the church was used by the Dominicans as a monastery church until the Reformation . The background to this relocation is the conversion of the Dominican Church on Domplatz into Hallesches Dom by Cardinal Albrecht von Brandenburg . From 1542 St. Moritz was Lutheran and the main church of the Halloren . In 1737, the later doctor and enlightener Johann Friedrich Struensee was born as the son of the pastor of the Moritzkirche Adam Struensee in the rectory . In 1970 the church of the Roman Catholic Church, namely the Archbishop's Commissariat Magdeburg in the Archdiocese of Paderborn, was leased. As a Catholic parish church, it bears the patronage of St. Mauritius and Paul.

meaning

The Moritzkirche is considered the prelude to the late Gothic hall architecture in the Saxon region. The choir in particular became a model for many subsequent churches in Central Germany. Holger Brülls and Thomas Dietzsch even call it the “key work of Central German late Gothic”, which is completed by the Marktkirche . The choir was also decorated with stone figures on the outside until the middle of the 20th century. A Halle proverb says about the city's churches: “St. Marien the most beautiful bells, St. Ulrich the most beautiful jewelry, St. Moritz the most beautiful building. ”The partly signed and dated sculptures inside the church are also known.

Furnishing

Statue of Schellenmoritz, 1411

The Moritzkirche has several important pieces of equipment, including:

  • Stone sculptures by the builder Conrad von Einbeck : Schellenmoritz , from 1411; Man of Sorrows from 1416, Lamenting Mary from 1419, Christ on the Scourge Column from 1419 and a portrait bust, which is possibly a self-portrait of Conrad, but more likely represents a patron,
  • a late Gothic high altar from 1511,
  • a renaissance pulpit by the master Zacharias Bogenkrantz from 1592 with a sound cover by Valentin Silbermann (1604) and
  • the organ of the Moritzkirche from 1925.
  • A large bell in c ′ from 1695 and a small bell in h ′ from the 14th century.

Location and surroundings

The western front of the church is in direct contact with the city wall preserved here with a short section. The building of the former St. Johannis Hospital is attached to the north facade. The Gerbersaale flowed below this ensemble until the development in 1893/1894, which was spanned here by the Moritzbrücke with two arches. The street created in this way is the Hallorenring. At the end of the 19th century, schools and the police headquarters (1908/1909), which was directly adjacent to the Johannishospital, were built on the north side of the Moritzkirchhof. Until the last third of the 19th century this belonged to the area of ​​the partnership saltworks (Thal) with the four salt fountains, today's Hallmarkt , on which u. a. the boiling huts were standing. In the course of ongoing urban redevelopment measures in the area between the Altem Markt and Hallmarkt throughout the 20th century, the houses on the east side of the Moritzkirchhof were torn down during GDR times and - largely regardless of the traditional city layout - five-storey prefabricated buildings and a high-rise building were built was reduced to eight floors. The 'light studio' was also built there. The surroundings of the Moritzkirche today are significantly shaped by buildings from this era.

swell

literature

  • Wulf Schadendorf : The Moritz Church in Halle. Berlin: Union 1959 (The Christian Monument 43), 2nd edition 1965.
  • Achim Todenhöfer: Stone praise to God. The medieval churches of the city of Halle. In: History of the City of Halle, Vol. 1, Halle in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Age. Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle 2006, pp. 207–226, ISBN 978-3-89812-512-3 .
  • Michael Pantenius: City Guide Halle . Gondrom Verlag, Bindlach 1995, ISBN 3-8112-0816-0 .
  • Brülls / Dietzsch: Architectural Guide Halle on the Saale . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-496-01202-1 .
  • Catholic Academy of the Diocese of Magdeburg (ed.): If I think of the Moritzkirche ... A reader. Halle 2018, ISBN 978-3-00-060944-2 .

Web links

Commons : Moritzkirche  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The decay of the Moritzkirche could turn into a drama. Retrieved October 19, 2013 .
  2. ↑ a b Georg Dehio, Handbook of German Art Monuments. Saxony-Anhalt II, Deutscher Kunstverlag 1999, p. 261.
  3. ↑ a b Michael Pantenius: City Guide Halle . Gondrom Verlag, Bindlach 1995, ISBN 3-8112-0816-0 .
  4. ^ Antje Löhr-Dittrich: Current building activity . In: Catholic Academy of the Diocese of Magdeburg (Hrsg.): I think of the Moritzkirche ... A reader. Halle 2018, ISBN 978-3-00-060944-2 , pp. 168–173.
  5. ↑ Holger Brülls & Thomas Dietzsch, Architectural Guide Halle an der Saale, p. 18.
  6. ↑ See photos from before 1945. Cf. B. the catalog of the picture index of art and architecture (rubric Places - Germany - H - Halle (Saale) - Sacred Buildings - Other - Moritzkirche - Picture 72).
  7. ^ Georg Dehio, Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Saxony-Anhalt II, Deutscher Kunstverlag 1999, p. 265.
  8. ↑ Werner Piechocki, Halle. A lost cityscape, Gudensberg-Gleichen, 3rd edition, 1999, p. 16 (with photo p. 17).