Mount Rittmann

Mount Rittmann
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height	2600 m
location	Victoria Land , East Antarctica
Mountains	Mountaineer Range , Transantarctic Mountains
Coordinates	73 ° 27 ′ 0 ″ S , 165 ° 30 ′ 0 ″ E Coordinates: 73 ° 27 ′ 0 ″ S , 165 ° 30 ′ 0 ″ E
Type	Shield volcano , dormant
Age of the rock	0.07 to 4 million years
Last eruption	Pleistocene
	Topographic map of the western part of the Mountaineer Range (scale 1: 250,000); Mount Rittmann is at "OU" by "Mountaineer"

Mount Rittmann is a dormant shield volcano in the western section of the Mountaineer Range in East Antarctica Victoria Land . It is located about 30 km west of Mount Murchison and 10 km north of Mount Brabec . The summit region of the 2600 m high mountain, which is almost completely covered by ice, is occupied by a caldera measuring around 8 × 5 km . A few kilometers west of Mount Rittmann, the terrain slopes steeply towards the Aviator Glacier .

Mount Rittmann was formed in the Pliocene and shows volcanic activity up to the present day . Rocks from the base of the volcano have been dated to be 3.97 million years old; the determination of phonolithic and trachytic effusive products revealed rock ages between 240,000 and 70,000 years. Little is known about the recent activity as there are only sparse outcrops due to the ice cover . At present, the volcano's activity is limited to fumaroles , around which the soil at a depth of 10 cm has temperatures of 50 ° C to 63 ° C.

Ice-free spots on a slope southwest of the summit mark the zones of geothermal activity in which the soil temperature on the surface is 30 ° C to 50 ° C. A biological community has developed in these places , which includes a moss , nine types of green algae , a flagellate of the genus Bodo , an unspecified root pod as well as three types of cyanobacteria and five types of other bacteria . Due to the uniqueness of this community and its importance for research, these areas have been designated as a particularly protected area of the Antarctic .

The volcano was discovered during the fourth Italian Antarctic expedition (1988–1989). It was named after the Swiss volcanologist Alfred Rittmann (1893–1980).

Web links

Mount Rittmann in the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution (English).

Individual evidence

↑ Natale Perchiazzi, Luigi Folco, Marcello Mellini: Volcanic ash bands in the Frontier Mountain and Lichen Hills blue-ice fields, northern Victoria Land . In: Antarctic Science . tape 11 , no. 3 , September 1999, ISSN 0954-1020 , p. 353–361 , doi : 10.1017 / S0954102099000449 (English, freely available online through researchgate.net ).
↑ Paola Del Carlo et al .: Late Pleistocene-Holocene volcanic activity in northern Victoria Land recorded in Ross Sea (Antarctica) marine sediments . In: Bulletin of Volcanology . tape 77 , no. 5 , May 2015, 36, doi : 10.1007 / s00445-015-0924-0 (English, freely available online through researchgate.net ).
^ ^A ^b Roberto Bargagli, Paul A. Broady, David WH Walton: Preliminary investigation of the thermal biosystem of Mount Rittmann fumaroles (northern Victoria Land, Antarctica) . In: Antarctic Science . tape 8 , no. 2 , June 1996, ISSN 0954-1020 , p. 121–126 , doi : 10.1017 / S0954102096000181 (English, freely available online through researchgate.net ).
^ Final Report of the Thirty-seventh Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting . Volume II.Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty, Buenos Aires 2014, ISBN 978-987-1515-83-7 , Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 175: High Altitude Geothermal Sites of the Ross Sea region (including parts of the summits of Mount Erebus, Ross Island and Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann, northern Victoria Land) , p. 199–225 (English, full text available at ats.aq [PDF; 29.5 MB ; accessed on June 27, 2020]).

[1] Natale Perchiazzi, Luigi Folco, Marcello Mellini: Volcanic ash bands in the Frontier Mountain and Lichen Hills blue-ice fields, northern Victoria Land . In: Antarctic Science . tape 11 , no. 3 , September 1999, ISSN 0954-1020 , p. 353–361 , doi : 10.1017 / S0954102099000449 (English, freely available online through researchgate.net ).

[2] Paola Del Carlo et al .: Late Pleistocene-Holocene volcanic activity in northern Victoria Land recorded in Ross Sea (Antarctica) marine sediments . In: Bulletin of Volcanology . tape 77 , no. 5 , May 2015, 36, doi : 10.1007 / s00445-015-0924-0 (English, freely available online through researchgate.net ).

[thermal-3] A ^b Roberto Bargagli, Paul A. Broady, David WH Walton: Preliminary investigation of the thermal biosystem of Mount Rittmann fumaroles (northern Victoria Land, Antarctica) . In: Antarctic Science . tape 8 , no. 2 , June 1996, ISSN 0954-1020 , p. 121–126 , doi : 10.1017 / S0954102096000181 (English, freely available online through researchgate.net ).

[4] Final Report of the Thirty-seventh Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting . Volume II.Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty, Buenos Aires 2014, ISBN 978-987-1515-83-7 , Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 175: High Altitude Geothermal Sites of the Ross Sea region (including parts of the summits of Mount Erebus, Ross Island and Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann, northern Victoria Land) , p. 199–225 (English, full text available at ats.aq [PDF; 29.5 MB ; accessed on June 27, 2020]).