Particularly protected area of ​​the Antarctic

Antarctic Treaty emblem

As a specially protected area of ​​Antarctica ( English Antarctic Specially Protected Area - ASPA ) are certain areas on the Antarctic continent or the offshore islands as well as the marine areas that are subject to the Antarctic Treaty , which have extraordinary ecological , scientific , historical or aesthetic values ​​and accordingly are protected. Appendix V (Protection and Management of Areas) of the Environmental Protection Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty regulates these areas and their protection. Entering these areas without a permit is prohibited.

criteria

The following should be included in the series of specially protected areas:

• Areas that have not been damaged by human activity so that in the future comparison with places that have been affected by human activities is possible;
• typical examples of significant terrestrial , also glacial and aquatic ecosystems as well as marine ecosystems;
• Areas with significant or unusual collections of species, including larger colonies of native birds and mammals, that reproduce in the area;
• the typical or only known habitat of a species;
• Areas of particular interest for ongoing or planned scientific research;
• Examples of outstanding geological , glaciological or geomorphological conditions;
• Areas that are extraordinary because of their aesthetic value and their originality;
• Sites or monuments of recognized historical value;
• other areas that are suitable for the protection of the stated values.

Each Contracting Party, the Environment Committee, the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research and the Antarctic Marine Living Resource Commission shall have the right to propose areas for designation as ASPA to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting by submitting a management plan. The management plan should contain a precise description of the area (geographical coordinates, boundaries, accesses, etc.) and its values ​​to be protected. It is intended to establish a code of conduct for activities in the area and to describe the requirements for obtaining permits.

The ASPA replaced the SPA (Specially Protected Area) and SSSI (Site of Special Scientific Interest), which were valid until 1991.

In 2018 there were 72 specially protected areas in Antarctica.

List of specially protected areas in Antarctica

No.	designation	suggested by, proposed by	Area km²	Coordinates
101	Taylor Rookery , Mac Robertson Land	Australia	0.26	67 ° 26 ′ 0 ″  S , 60 ° 50 ′ 0 ″  E
102	Rookery Islands , Holme Bay , Mac Robertson Land	Australia	1.67	67 ° 36 ′ 36 ″  S , 62 ° 32 ′ 6 ″  E
103	Ardery Island and Odbert Island , Budd Coast , Wilkes Land	Australia	2.44	66 ° 23 ′ 6 ″  S , 110 ° 29 ′ 50 ″  E
104	Sabrina Island , Balleny Islands	New Zealand	1.50	66 ° 55 ′ 0 ″  S , 163 ° 19 ′ 0 ″  E
105	Beaufort Island , McMurdo Sound , Ross Sea	New Zealand	14.16	76 ° 59 ′ 0 ″  S , 167 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  E
106	Cape Hallett , Victoria Land	United States	0.53	72 ° 19 ′ 0 ″  S , 170 ° 16 ′ 0 ″  E
107	Emperor Island , Dion Islands , Marguerite Bay , Antarctic Peninsula	Great Britain	4.67	67 ° 52 ′ 0 ″  S , 68 ° 42 ′ 0 ″  W.
108	Green Island , Berthelot Islands , Antarctic Peninsula	Great Britain	0.17	65 ° 19 ′ 24 ″  S , 64 ° 8 ′ 58 ″  W.
109	Moe Island , South Orkney Islands	Great Britain	1.20	60 ° 44 ′ 0 ″  S , 45 ° 41 ′ 0 ″  W.
110	Lynch Island , South Orkney Islands	Great Britain	0.10	60 ° 39 ′ 10 ″  S , 45 ° 36 ′ 25 ″  W.
111	South Powell Island and neighboring islands, South Orkney Islands	Great Britain	23.56	60 ° 42 ′ 0 ″  S , 45 ° 1 ′ 0 ″  W.
112	Coppermine Peninsula , Robert Island , South Shetland Islands	Chile	0.67	62 ° 23 ′ 0 ″  S , 59 ° 42 ′ 0 ″  W.
113	Litchfield Island , Arthur Harbor , Anvers Island , Palmer Archipelago	United States	0.36	64 ° 46 ′ 0 ″  S , 64 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  W.
115	Lagotellerie Island , Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula	Great Britain	1.62	67 ° 53 ′ 0 ″  S , 67 ° 24 ′ 0 ″  W.
116	New College Valley , Caughley Beach , Cape Bird , Ross Island	New Zealand	0.34	77 ° 13 ′ 0 ″  S , 166 ° 29 ′ 0 ″  E
117	Avian Island off Adelaide Island , Antarctic Peninsula	Great Britain	1.12	67 ° 46 ′ 0 ″  S , 68 ° 54 ′ 0 ″  W.
119	Davis Valley and Forlidas Pond , Dufek Massif	United States	56.81	82 ° 27 ′ 0 ″  S , 51 ° 21 ′ 0 ″  W.
120	Pointe Géologie Archipelago , Adélieland	France	0.37	66 ° 40 ′ 0 ″  S , 140 ° 2 ′ 0 ″  E
121	Cape Royds , Ross Island	United States	0.62	77 ° 33 ′ 20 ″  S , 166 ° 9 ′ 56 ″  E
122	Arrival Heights , Hut Point Peninsula , Ross Island	United States	0.73	77 ° 49 ′ 0 ″  S , 166 ° 39 ′ 0 ″  E
123	Barwick Valley and Balham Valley , Southern Victoria Land	United States	418.14	77 ° 20 ′ 0 ″  S , 161 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  E
124	Cape Crozier , Ross Island	United States	72.21	77 ° 30 ′ 30 ″  S , 169 ° 21 ′ 30 ″  E
125	Fildes Peninsula , King George Island , South Shetland Islands	Chile	2.25	62 ° 12 ′ 0 ″  S , 58 ° 58 ′ 0 ″  W.
126	Byers Peninsula , Livingston Island , South Shetland Islands	Chile, UK	90.56	62 ° 34 ′ 35 ″  S , 61 ° 13 ′ 7 ″  W.
127	Haswell Island	Russia	5.01	66 ° 31 ′ 0 ″  S , 93 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  E
128	West coast of Admiralty Bay , King George Island, South Shetland Islands	Poland	18.04	62 ° 11 ′ 0 ″  S , 58 ° 27 ′ 0 ″  W.
129	Rothera Point , Adelaide Island	Great Britain	0.04	67 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  S , 68 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  W.
131	Canada Glacier , Lake Fryxell , Taylor Valley , Victoria Land	New Zealand	1.51	77 ° 37 ′ 0 ″  S , 163 ° 3 ′ 0 ″  E
132	Potter Peninsula , King George Island , South Shetland Islands	Argentina	2.17	62 ° 15 ′ 0 ″  S , 58 ° 39 ′ 0 ″  W.
133	Harmony Point , Nelson Island , South Shetland Islands	Argentina, Chile	30.69	62 ° 18 ′ 0 ″  S , 59 ° 11 ′ 0 ″  W.
134	Cierva Point and offshore islands, Danco Coast , Antarctic Peninsula	Argentina	59.03	64 ° 10 ′ 0 ″  S , 61 ° 1 ′ 0 ″  W.
135	northeastern Bailey Peninsula , Budd Coast, Wilkes Land	Australia	0.28	66 ° 17 ′ 0 ″  S , 110 ° 33 ′ 0 ″  E
136	Clark Peninsula , Budd Coast, Wilkes Land	Australia	9.38	66 ° 15 ′ 0 ″  S , 110 ° 36 ′ 0 ″  E
137	northwestern White Island , McMurdo Sound	United States	141.61	78 ° 7 ′ 0 ″  S , 167 ° 11 ′ 0 ″  E
138	Linnaeus Terrace , Asgard Range , Victoria Land	United States	0.78	77 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  S , 161 ° 5 ′ 0 ″  E
139	Biscoe Point , Anvers Island, Palmer Archipelago	United States	0.60	64 ° 48 ′ 0 ″  S , 63 ° 47 ′ 0 ″  W.
140	Parts of Deception Island , South Shetland Islands	Great Britain	2.57	62 ° 57 ′ 0 ″  S , 60 ° 38 ′ 0 ″  W.
141	Yukidori Valley , Langhovde , Lützow-Holm-Bucht	Japan	4.88	69 ° 14 ′ 30 ″  S , 39 ° 46 ′ 0 ″  E
142	Svarthamaren	Norway	6.49	71 ° 54 ′ 40 ″  S , 5 ° 11 ′ 0 ″  E
143	Marine Plain , Mule Peninsula , Vestfold Mountains , Princess Elizabeth Land	Australia	20.46	68 ° 37  '50.2 " S , 78 ° 7' 55.2"  E
144	Chile Bay ( Discovery Bay ), Greenwich Island , South Shetland Islands	Chile	0.66	62 ° 29 ′ 6 ″  S , 59 ° 41 ′ 27 ″  W.
145	Port Foster , Deception Island , South Shetland Islands	Chile	2.24	62 ° 55 ′ 51 ″  S , 60 ° 37 ′ 30 ″  W.
146	South Bay , Doumer Island , Palmer Archipelago	Chile	0.96	64 ° 52 ′ 0 ″  S , 63 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  W.
147	Ablation Valley and Ganymede Heights , Alexander I Island	Great Britain	109.02	70 ° 50 ′ 0 ″  S , 68 ° 30 ′ 0 ″  W.
148	Mount Flora , Hope Bay , Antarctic Peninsula	Great Britain	0.35	63 ° 25 ′ 0 ″  S , 57 ° 1 ′ 0 ″  W.
149	Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Island , Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands	United States	9.74	62 ° 27 ′ 30 ″  S , 60 ° 47 ′ 17 ″  W.
150	Ardley Island , Maxwell Bay , King George Island	Chile	1.22	62 ° 13 ′ 0 ″  S , 58 ° 54 ′ 0 ″  W.
151	Lions Rump , King George Island, South Shetland Islands	Poland	1.32	62 ° 8 ′ 0 ″  S , 58 ° 7 ′ 0 ″  W.
152	West Bransfield Street	United States	915.80	63 ° 23 ′ 0 ″  S , 62 ° 21 ′ 0 ″  W.
153	Eastern Dallmann Bay	United States	609.54	64 ° 10 ′ 0 ″  S , 62 ° 50 ′ 0 ″  W.
154	Botany Bay , Cape Geology , Victoria Land	New Zealand	2.14	77 ° 0 ′ 30 ″  S , 162 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  E
155	Cape Evans , Ross Island	New Zealand	0.06	77 ° 38 ′ 0 ″  S , 166 ° 24 ′ 0 ″  E
156	Lewis Bay , Mount Erebus, Ross Island	New Zealand	14.41	77 ° 25 ′ 29 ″  S , 167 ° 28 ′ 30 ″  E
157	Backdoor Bay , Cape Royds, Ross Island	New Zealand	0.04	77 ° 33 ′ 10 ″  S , 166 ° 16 ′ 6 ″  E
158	Hut Point , Ross Island	New Zealand	?	77 ° 50 ′ 50 ″  S , 166 ° 38 ′ 0 ″  E
159	Cape Adare , Borchgrevink Coast	New Zealand	0.03	71 ° 18 ′ 0 ″  S , 170 ° 9 ′ 0 ″  E
160	Frazier Islands , Windmill Islands , Wilkes Land, East Antarctica	Australia	0.60	66 ° 14 ′ 0 ″  S , 110 ° 10 ′ 0 ″  E
161	Terra Nova Bay , Ross Sea	Italy	29.46	74 ° 45 ′ 0 ″  S , 164 ° 10 ′ 0 ″  E
162	Mawson's Huts , Cape Denison , Commonwealth Bay , George V Coast , East Antarctica	Australia	1.30	67 ° 0 ′ 31 ″  S , 142 ° 40 ′ 43 ″  E
163	Dakshin Gangotri Glacier , Queen Maud Land	India	4.31	74 ° 45 ′ 15 ″  S , 11 ° 38 ′ 30 ″  E
164	Scullin and Murray Monoliths , Mac Robertson Land	Australia	10.23	67 ° 48 ′ 7 ″  S , 66 ° 43 ′ 6 ″  E
165	Edmonson Point , Wood Bay , Victoria Land, Ross Sea	Italy	5.50	74 ° 20 ′ 0 ″  S , 165 ° 8 ′ 0 ″  E
166	Port Martin , Adelieland	France	0.17	66 ° 49 ′ 0 ″  S , 141 ° 23 ′ 0 ″  E
167	Hawker Island , Vestfold Mountains, Ingrid Christensen Coast , Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica	Australia	2.17	68 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  S , 77 ° 50 ′ 0 ″  E
168	Mount Harding , Grove Mountains , East Antarctica	People's Republic of China	102.78	72 ° 54 ′ 0 ″  S , 75 ° 2 ′ 30 ″  E
169	Amanda Bay , Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica	Australia, China	17.15	69 ° 15 ′ 0 ″  S , 76 ° 49 ′ 59 ″  E
170	Marion Nunatakker , Charcot Island , Antarctic Peninsula	Great Britain	179.55	69 ° 45 ′ 0 ″  S , 75 ° 15 ′ 0 ″  W.
171	Narębski Point , Barton Peninsula , King George Island	South Korea	0.89	62 ° 14 ′ 3 ″  S , 58 ° 46 ′ 5 ″  W.
172	Lower Taylor Glacier and Blood Falls , Taylor Valley, Antarctic Dry Valleys , Victoria Land	United States	436.00	77 ° 50 ′ 13.2 "  S , 161 ° 40 ′ 13.8"  E
173	Cape Washington and Silverfish Bay , Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea	Italy, USA	286.00	74 ° 37 ′ 6 ″  S , 164 ° 57 ′ 36 ″  E
174	Stornes , Larsemann Hills , Princess-Elizabeth-Land	Australia, China, India, Russia	21.13	69 ° 25 ′ 0 ″  S , 76 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  E
175	high geothermal locations in the Ross Sea region	United States	0.26	77 ° 31 ′ 0 ″  S , 167 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  E

Former specially protected areas of the Antarctic

No.	designation	suggested by, proposed by	Area km²	Coordinates	comment
114	Northern Coronation Island , South Orkney Islands	Great Britain	91.76	60 ° 33 ′ 0 ″  S , 45 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  W.	The special protection was lifted with effect from August 5, 2014.
118	Summit of Mount Melbourne , Victoria Land	New Zealand	6.56	74 ° 21 ′ 0 ″  S , 164 ° 42 ′ 0 ″  E	Integrated into the newly created ASPA-175 with effect from August 5, 2014.
130	Tramway Ridge , Mount Erebus , Ross Island	New Zealand	0.04	77 ° 31 ′ 0 ″  S , 167 ° 7 ′ 0 ″  E	Integrated into the newly created ASPA-175 with effect from August 5, 2014.

See also

• Specially administered area of ​​the Antarctic
• Historic sites and monuments in Antarctica

Web links

• Environmental Protocol documents on the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat website (English, Spanish, French, Russian)
• Protected Areas and Historic Sites documents on the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat website (English, Spanish, French, Russian)

 Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Act on the Environmental Protection Protocol of October 4, 1991 to the Antarctic Treaty (PDF; 312 kB) of September 22, 1994, Federal Law Gazette 1994 II p. 2477 ff.
2. ↑ Antarctic Protected Areas Database on the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat website (English, Spanish, French, Russian), accessed November 15, 2019
3. ↑ Measure 16 (2014) - ATCM XXXVII - CEP XVII, Brasilia, accessed November 14, 2014
4. ↑ ^{a b} Measure 13 (2014) - ATCM XXXVII - CEP XVII, Brasilia , accessed July 22, 2018