Movimento per l'arte concreta
The Movimento per l'arte concreta ( MAC ) was mostly dated to the year 1951, in Milan by Atanasio Soldati , the critic and theorist Gillo Dorfles , the sculptor Bruno Munari , Enrico Bordoni , Galliano Mazzon , the architect and critic Gianni Monnet , Mario Radice , Ettore Sottsass jr. and Luigi Veronesi founded artist group to consolidate an abstract- concrete art . It lasted until 1958.
prehistory
Based on the exhibition concrete art organized in 1947 in the Palazzo Reale in Milan by Max Bill , Franco Bombelli and Max Huber , an artist movement that counteracted the spreading Informel and turned towards the geometric formed in Italy .
As early as December 1948, a portfolio with 12 handprints, including some "specific" artists, was presented in the Libreria SALTO in Milan , but Lucio Fontana , Lorenzo Guerrini and Achile Perilli also took part, but only later joined the group. The critic Giuseppe Marchiori was responsible for the group exhibition . The show had a great response, which in 1949 led to a second portfolio with 24 lithographs , including the participation of Giulio C. Argan . Another preliminary step was the group of Neapolitan artists of the Arte concreta di Napoli around Renato de Fusco , Guido Tatafiore and Antonio Venditti , who joined the Milanese in 1950. In 1951/52 the artist group Otto Pintori Italiani (also: gruppo degli otto ) was formed in Venice , a group committed to painterly or lyrical abstraction. This encouraged the desire to consolidate the “counter-movement” that had previously shown itself in regional groupings, especially in northern Italy (Milan, Turin, Genoa). At that time, the artist groups Arte d'Oggi (“Art Today”, Florence, 1946–1950), Forma 1 (“forma uno”, Rome, 1947–1951) and SUD (“South”, also “Gruppo Sud pittura ”, Naples, 1947–1949 / 50) to deal with new techniques, and it was hoped that the Swiss Concrete, in particular Max Huber, would join in. In addition to the painters, the spectrum included sculptors, architects, industrial designers and graphic artists.
Arte Astratta e Concreta in Italia, 1951
In 1951 the large-scale exhibition Arte Astratta e Concreta in Italia took place in the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna in Rome , in which around 70 artists participated, whereby the selection was strictly based on style elements and thus excluded artists like Giorgio Morandi .
An expansion of the program was decided in 1952, including the inclusion of the "Arte d'Oggi" and the "Fondazione Origine", so that today the exact number of those involved fluctuates greatly. The art historian Christoph Wilhelmi already has 132 names in total.
The group's stylistic expressions included monochrome painting , kinetic sculptures, and light installations .
Members and followers
In addition to the actual MAC founders and supporters of abstract-geometric art as an art movement in Italy, the artists belonging to the environment should be included in the post-war development.
The supporters and group members of the MAC include from Florence: Aagaard Andersen , Vinicio Berti , Bruno Brunetti , Martin Krampen , Jean Leppien , Paola Mazzetti , Alvaro Monnini , Alberto Moretti , Gualtiero Nativi and Mario Nuti .
From Milan these were: Adoni Asinari , Antonio Franchisi , Giancarlo Iliprandi , Bruno Motta , Pino Muggiani , Tovogliani , Antonio Tullier .
In Rome, the MAC supporters are: Alberto Burri , Ettore Colla , Michelangelo Conte , Piero Dorazio , Mino Guerrini , Achile Perilli , Enrico Prampolini .
The Turin group (called “gruppo torinese”) were made up of: Annibale Biglione , Albino Galvano , Adriano Parisot , Carol Rama and Filippo Scroppo .
Among these are the architects: Attilio Mariani , Carlo Perogalli , Tito Varisco , Roberto Menghi , Marco Zanuso , Mario Ravegnani , Carlo Paccagnini and Vittoriano Viganò .
“Arte concreta” magazine and manifestos
The group's organ was arte concreta , which appeared from No. 1 in 1951 to No. 15 in 1953. The magazine already published the “ Manifeste du Groupe Espace ” in the first issue , which documented the closeness to the French artist group L'Espace , renewed in 1955 until the cooperation and merger of the two groups in order to give more weight to concrete art in Europe. The “Turin Group” published the “Manifesto di ahesione” ( Manifesto of Consent ). According to Luciano Caramel in his work MAC from 1984, “ Issue 10 tries to bring about a second collaboration with the Genoese group of“ Studio B.24 ”, but primarily the Movimento Gruppo Nucleare , in order to achieve a synthesis of the arts ( Italian Sintesi delle arti ) to effect ".
South America
First contacts with avant-garde artists from South America were made as early as 1954. With a large contribution from the MAC, a remarkable exhibition of concrete art was organized in Buenos Aires in 1957 . The artist groups Asociación Arte Concreto Invención and Asociación Arte Nuevo had been formed here since 1946.
The South American supporters of the MAC include: the sculptor Claudio Girola , Argentina , as well as the artists Aluísio Carvão , Judith Lavand Féjer , Ferreira Gullar , Mauricio Noguiera Lima , Rubem Mauro Ludolf , Antonio Maluf , the painter and sculptor Hélio Oiticica , Luis Sacilotto and Dionísio del Santo , all from Brazil .
reception
Around 1958 the association of the artists of the MAC dissolved again, some of them formed new groups of artists. As early as 1960, the MAC was considered history and was honored with a first major retrospective. The last retrospective took place in 2003.
The painters of Italian Concrete Art are now collected in specially designed museums and foundations, in Germany including Ingolstadt, Switzerland, France and Italy.
literature
- Christoph Wilhelmi: Groups of Artists in Eastern and Southern Europe since 1900. A manual. Hauswedell, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-7762-1101-6 , pp. 301-305 (No. 183).
- P. Fossati: Il Movimento Arte Concreta (1948-1958). Torino 1980.
- Luciano Caramel: MAC. Milan 1984.
- Gillo Dorfles : Ultimate tendenze dell'arte d'oggi. Feltrinelli, Milano 2003, ISBN 88-07-81566-4 .
- E. Crispolti (Ed.): Movimento Arte Concreta 1948−1952. Catalogo della Mostra della Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Roma. Edieuropa / De Luca Editori d'arte, Roma 2003, ISBN 88-8016-544-5 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Arte astratta e concreta in Italia 1951. Galleria Nazionale D'Arte Moderna - Valle Giulia, Roma 1951. (Exhibition catalog with 63 pages, Roma, February 3-28, 1951, Galleria Nazionale D'Arte Moderna).
- ^ Christoph Wilhelmi: Groups of artists in Eastern and Southern Europe since 1900. Hauswedell, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-7762-1101-6 , pp. 302–305.
- ↑ Kristine Stiles , Peter Selz (Ed.): Theories and documents of contemporary art. A source book of artists' writings. University of California Press, Berkeley 1996, ISBN 0-520-20253-8 , p. 65.
- ↑ ZDB -ID 802608-7 .
- ^ Adriana Lauria: Arte concreto en Argentina. Introducción. In: cvaa.com.ar. Centro Virtual de Arte Argentino, January 2003, accessed May 4, 2019 (Spanish).