Mucorales
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Mucor mucedo |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Mucorales | ||||||||||||
| Fr. |
The Mucorales are an order of mushrooms .
features
The Mucorales are thread-shaped mushrooms. The septa are absent, except in old hyphae . There are plasmodesmata at the septum pores .
The asexual reproduction via one to many spores in sporocysts are formed. More rarely, the sporocysts fall with one or few spores and fall off as a whole, then they are called sporocystioles. Also conidia are formed. There is a great variety of shapes for all spore shapes. The sexual reproduction via Zygospores . There are monocial and dioecious types. The gametangiogamy ranges from identically configured (Isogametangiogamie) to different (Anisogametangiogamie). The zygotes are protected by envelope hyphae in some species. This is a beginning of fruiting body formation.
Way of life
The majority of them live saprobionic as terrestrial molds , but there are exceptions. These live parasitically on plants and animals. A form of parasitism peculiar to the Mucorales is fusion parasitism .
Systematics
The Mucorales used to be part of the yoke mushrooms . In 2007 they were placed in the Mucoromycotina subdivision . Some genera are:
- Abradeosporangium
- Chaetocladium
- Choanephora
- Mortierella
- Mucor , the so-called head mold
- Phycomyces
- Pilobolus , “pill thrower”, grows on horse manure and hurls the black sporocystup to 2.8 mby turgor pressure .
- Rhizopus
- Syncephalestrum
- Thamnidium
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Sina M. Adl et al .: The New Higher Level Classification of Eukaryotes , 2005
- ↑ a b c Strasburger, 2002, p. 614f.
- ↑ DS Hibbett et al .: A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi . In: Mycological research , May 2007; 111 (5): 509-547. Epub 2007 March 13, 2007. PMID 17572334 (with first description)
- ^ Subrahmanyam, A., AS Sri & VS Raju (2010). Abradeosporangium, a new genus of Mucorales (Fungi: Zygomycetes) from India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2 (10): 1219-1222. ( online ( Memento of the original from November 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. )
literature
- P. Sitte, EW Weiler, JW Kadereit, A. Bresinsky, C. Körner: Strasburger - textbook of botany for universities . 35th edition, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8274-1010-X
- Sina M. Adl et al .: The New Higher Level Classification of Eukaryotes with Emphasis on the Taxonomy of Protists. The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 52 (5), 2005; Pages 399-451. doi : 10.1111 / j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x
Web links
- Video: The coprophilic fungus Pilobolus . Institute for Scientific Film (IWF) 1999, made available by the Technical Information Library (TIB), doi : 10.3203 / IWF / C-2026 .