sleeve

A sleeve is a component for the uninterrupted connection of two pipes or cables and the counterpart to the nipple . Fastening components with internal threads that are more than twice as long as the internal diameter are also known as threaded sockets .

application areas

Socket

Pipe technology

For pipes, for example, mortise sockets, grid sockets, push-in sockets, adhesive sockets, compression sockets and threaded sockets are commonly used depending on the requirements of the pipe material and the medium to be transported (e.g. liquids , gases , granulated solids , cables, lines ). A socket can also - depending on the material - be made by expanding one end of the pipe ( pipe expander ).

Depending on the intended use, a distinction is made between connection, through and branch sleeves, which are sometimes different in their design. When changing the nominal size , one speaks of a reducing socket .

When connecting thin-walled pipes, sleeves can reinforce the connection point or establish the connection in the first place. The advantages are very low material stresses due to gluing , screwing , pressing or soldering .

Metal pipes, soldering

Lower temperatures of a maximum of 900 ° C during soldering (in contrast to welding ) result in lower material tension and no material weakening due to uncontrolled burning in. It is also possible to connect different metals. Disadvantages are a possibly unclean preparation of the joint and demands on the craftsmanship of the executors as well as the risk of electrochemical corrosion between material and solder . A typical application example here are lugged bicycle frames .

Valve technology

In valves , the term semi in-line sockets and valve may be used.

The in-line valve is an independent valve that has all the necessary connections integrated via a connection block. The working connections are on the valve itself.
The semi in-line valve is for mounting on a manifold block / valve carrier that contains the supply connections. The working connections are on the valve itself.

Electrical engineering

Three shrink sleeves for underground cables in the medium-voltage network

Strictly speaking, sleeves in electrical engineering are not connecting elements , but rather insulating and protective elements which - in contrast to a protective tube - are firmly connected to the cable and only enclose the actual electrical connection point. In the case of cables, a distinction is made between cast resin sleeves , gel sleeves, shrink sleeves (heat-shrink and cold- shrink sleeves), sleeves with slide-on technology, although different types of sleeves are used in power engineering in different voltage levels , such as low or medium voltage .

In the case of sleeves in communication technology, it is crucial that cores (copper technology) or fibers ( fiber optic technology) that belong together are connected to one another without interference. In fiber optic technology, this is done with the help of splice cassettes that are placed in the joint. Connection and branch points in communication cables are usually closed with shrink sleeves or thermoplastic clamp sleeves ( TK sleeves ). Lead sleeves were used for cables of old design with lead sheath. Today, shrink-fit transition sleeves are used for connection to plastic cables .

The earthing sleeve (telecommunications technology) not only serves as an insulation and protective element, but also represents an electrical connection.

In the case of sleeves in power engineering (medium voltage from 10 kV), the electrical control is carried out by field control bodies or field control hoses using termination technology. It depends on the internal and external field smoothing.

Chemical laboratory

With tripod sleeves are in the chemical laboratory of tripods devices for attaching small parts of the apparatus (stand clamps, condenser brackets, iron rings et cetera) attached.

Idioms

Both the “muffle whistle” and “I feel like I'm sick” describe an uncomfortable feeling of fear that an activity can be disadvantageous.

literature

Alfred Hösl, Roland Ayx, Hans Werner Busch: The electrical installation in accordance with regulations, residential construction, commercial industry. 18th edition, Hüthig Verlag, Heidelberg, 2003, ISBN 3-7785-2909-9 .
Hans-Günter Boy, Uwe Dunkhase: Electrical installation technology The master's examination . 12th edition, Vogel Buchverlag, Oldenburg and Würzburg, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8343-3079-6 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Muffe - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

^ Walter Wittenberger: Chemische Laboratoriumstechnik , Springer-Verlag, Vienna, New York, 7th edition, 1973, pp. 15-16, ISBN 3-211-81116-8 .

[Wittenberger-1] Walter Wittenberger: Chemische Laboratoriumstechnik , Springer-Verlag, Vienna, New York, 7th edition, 1973, pp. 15-16, ISBN 3-211-81116-8 .