Muhammad an-Nasir

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Muhammad an-Nasir (* 1181 or 1182 ; † December 25, 1213 in Rabat ) was the fourth caliph of the Almohads (1199-1213). The Christians on the Iberian Peninsula called him Miramamolín , which goes back to his Arabic title amir al-mu'minin ("prince of the believers").

Muhammad an-Nasir's mother was a Christian concubine; he had red hair and blue eyes.

Life

As the successor to Yaacherqūb al-Mansūr (1160–1199), Muhammad an-Nasir was a weak and insecure ruler. Nevertheless, Al-Andalus was initially largely calm. In contrast, the fighting with the Banu Ghanija under Yahya in Ifrīqiya continued . At times they even conquered Tunis (1203). However, they could not assert themselves against the governor Abu Muhammad Abd al-Wahid (son of Abu Hafs Umar ), who defeated the Banu Ghanija 1209 in Tripolitania on the Jabal Nafusa. In addition, the Balearic Islands had already been subjugated by the Almohads in 1203 . However, Yahya continued to fight, was severely beaten again in 1223, established himself in Sidschilmasa and only fell in 1237 in the fight against the Almohads. These ongoing battles resulted in the Hafsid governors in Ifriqiya growing in power.

Around 1210 there was also an alliance of the Christian empires in Spain for a crusade against the Almohads. These were defeated by the united Christian army on July 16, 1212 in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa . The Muslims in Andalusia have not recovered from this defeat. The rule of the Almohads in this part of Europe was also badly shaken.

Muhammad an-Nasir died in December 1213. He was succeeded by the minor Yusuf II. Al-Mustansir , with whom the decline of the empire began.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Cay Rademacher : The struggle for Spain. In: When Spain ruled the world. , GEO EPOCHE , 2008, p. 33.
personal data
SURNAME Nasir, Muhammad an-
BRIEF DESCRIPTION fourth Almohad caliph (1199–1213)
DATE OF BIRTH 12th Century
DATE OF DEATH December 25, 1213
Place of death Rabat