Musée des Arts décoratifs (Paris)

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View into the inner courtyard of the museum

The Musée des Arts décoratifs (MAD) is a arts and crafts museum in Paris . It extends over the northern wing of the Louvre Palace to the Marsan Pavilion in the extreme northwest. After a renovation by the architect Gaston Redon , it was opened on May 29, 1905. It was founded on the initiative of the Les Arts Décoratifs association , which is committed to promoting the decorative arts in France and which still operates the museum today. Organizationally affiliated with the MAD is the Nissim de Camondo Museum for upper-class living culture and the private school for interior design École Camondo .

history

Plan of the Louvre Palace. Dark blue: Pavillon de Marsan, orange: Marsan wing

The building

The museum is located in the north wing of the Louvre Palace and is accessible via a separate entrance on Rue de Rivoli in the Rohan Pavilion. It takes up almost the entire Marsan wing, extends to the Marsan pavilion in the extreme northwest and covers almost 9,000 m² in nine floors.

In 1806, at the instigation of Napoleon Bonaparte , the architects Charles Percier and Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine began building the Marsan wing , which was to connect the Palais des Tuileries , parallel to the Grande Galerie in the south, with the old Louvre Palace. The Pavillon de Marsan served as a connecting piece between the Tuileries Palace and the Marsan wing and thus forms the counterpart to the Pavillon des Flores to this day. At the time of the Second Empire, the work continued. Napoleon III was able to inaugurate the Nouveau Louvre in 1857. During the uprising of the Paris Commune in 1871, the Marsan Pavilion and the Marsan Wing were badly destroyed by fire, but were rebuilt between 1875 and 1878.

The museum

The history of the museum is closely linked to that of the Les Arts Décoratifs association: it was founded by industrialists in 1864 as the Union centrale des Beaux Arts appliqués à l'industrie based on the model of the South Kensington Museum . After just a few months, a small collection was created and a first small museum with an attached library was opened in two private rooms. In 1875 the museum and library moved to the Place des Vosges . They were open every day until late at night and were aimed primarily at artists and workers who should be able to use the museum or library here after work. In 1882 the Union centrale der Industrielle merged with the Société du musée des Arts décoratifs, founded by aristocrats and politicians, to form the Union centrale des Arts décoratifs (UCAD). Together they began to look for a suitable location for a future arts and crafts museum. After the Senate had finally rejected the Quai d'Orsay as a possible location, the choice fell on the Pavillon de Marsan in the early 1890s. In 1898 the French state gave the UCAD the Marsan Wing and Pavilion for 15 years from the date of opening. The remodeling and furnishing of the museum were the responsibility of UCAD. After the contract expired, the entire collection should become the property of the state. After some delay - an opening was planned parallel to the 1900 World's Fair - the library was opened in 1904 and the museum on May 29, 1905, in the presence of French President Émile Loubet . From 1938 until the end of the German occupation of France in 1944, the museum was closed and the objects were moved to the Loire castles for safety .

In the 1950s the main hall was reserved for special exhibitions. The collection from the 19th and 20th centuries was exhibited in the surrounding halls, including a small room in the style of 1925. On the higher floors, the tour was arranged chronologically, from the Middle Ages to the Empire . The collections of foreign objects were located under the roof. The Marsan pavilion, the high ceilings of which made it possible to display the large Persian and Anatolian carpets, was dedicated to the Orient collection.

In 1978 the UCAD opened the Musée de l'Affiche (from 1981 Musée de la Publicité , Museum of Advertising), which has been located on the third floor of the Marsan wing since 1990.

Directors

(incomplete)

  • 1969–1986: François Mathey
  • 1996–1999: Marie-Claude Beaud
  • 2000-2013: Béatrice Salmon
  • 2013 – today: Olivier Gabet

The collections

Art Nouveau statuette Loïe Fullers, by Pierre Roche

The applied arts collection

The museum houses various collections with a total of around 150,000 objects, of which around 6,000 are presented to the public. The collections are divided into five chronological sections ( Middle Ages to Renaissance , 17th to 18th centuries, 19th century, Art Nouveau to Art Deco , Modernism to 21st century) and five thematic sections (graphics, jewelry, toys, glass and historical wallpaper ) arranged. The chronological tour is intended to illustrate the development of art production under the aspect of applied arts from the Middle Ages to contemporary design: furniture, crockery, graphics, goldsmithing, glass art, ceramics, wallpapers, tapestries, paintings and sculptures are presented together. The largest part of the collection comes from donations and bequests from which the museum has benefited since it was founded and which thus also illustrate the taste of collectors over time.

The jewelry collection

The museum's jewelry collection includes around 4,000 objects from ancient to modern, of which around 1,200 are presented to the visitor. The jewelry gallery offers an insight into the art of jewelry from the Middle Ages to the present day. A number of showcases also show jewelry made from simpler materials and without tools. The collection offers representative pieces from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, a special jewelry ensemble from the 18th century and a wide variety of jewelry from the 19th century. Art Nouveau jewelry is represented by extraordinary pieces by, among others, Georges Fouquet (1862–1957) and René Lalique . Art Deco and 1930s jewelry are presented using pieces by Boucheron or Cartier. The jewelry of the 1940s takes up a large part of the exhibition, a rarity being the jewelry created by artists such as Georges Braque , Alexander Calder , Henri Laurens and Jean Lurçat . In addition, pieces by Van Cleef & Arpels , Jar, Chanel , Mellerio and Lorenz Bäumer can be seen.

The Dubuffer donation

In 1967 the artist Jean Dubuffet decided to bequeath his private collection, consisting of 21 paintings, seven sculptures and 132 drawings, to the museum. It reflects the diversity of his life's work. The donation is shown in a changing exhibition in a separate area.

The toy collection

The museum's toy collection, started in 1905, now includes over 12,000 games and toys from the mid-19th century to the present day. It emerged from numerous donations from lovers and collectors as well as manufacturers and manufacturers. It is made accessible to the public through two changing thematic exhibitions every year.

The fashion museum

The fashion museum ( Musée des Arts de la Mode , today Musée de la Mode et du Textile ) has existed since 1986, a result of the alliance between UCAD and the Union française des arts du costume (Ufac). Today it is on the first and second floors of the Marsan wing and has 60,000 objects in its inventory. In 1996 the museum closed for ten years in order to be completely renovated and refurbished as part of the Grand Louvre project of the then French President François Mitterrand . The library was able to reopen in 2002, in 2004 - the year the UCAD was renamed Les Arts Décoratifs - the jewelry gallery was added, and in September 2006 the renewed Musée des Arts décoratifs was the last to open its doors to visitors.

literature

Web links

Commons : Musée des arts décoratifs  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Histoire de la Sculpture. Pavilion et Aile de Marsan. In: louvre.sculpturederue.fr. Retrieved November 29, 2015 .
  2. ^ Olivier Gabet, nommé directeur des musées des Arts Décoratifs de Paris. In: www.paris-art.com. Retrieved August 19, 2015 .
  3. ↑ fashion / textile. Retrieved May 25, 2019 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 51 '46 "  N , 2 ° 20' 2.8"  E