Charles Percier
Charles Percier (born August 22, 1764 in Paris ; † September 5, 1838 there ) was a French architect and interior designer . In collaboration with his fellow student Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine , he worked for Joséphine de Beauharnais and Napoléon Bonaparte . During the consulate , the two builders were jointly commissioned to renovate and equip the Malmaison Castle and, during the First Empire, to build the Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel in Paris. Percier belongs to the Empire style , a form of classicism developed under Napoléon , of which he is one of the main representatives.
Life
Percier's training at the Ecole Royal Gratuite de Dessin in Paris from 1773 to 1779 was the first artistic stage in his career, during which he rose to become the architect of Emperor Napoléon I and a leading decorator of the Empire. The training at this school, founded in 1766 by the painter Jean-Jacques Bachelier (1724-1806), tied in with the classic repertoire of forms of the Italian High Renaissance , Mannerism and the Louis XIV style . In doing so, Percier's two-dimensional linear drawing style was formed while the form studies required in class sharpened his eye for detail.
From 1779 Percier studied at the Académie royale d'architecture in Paris. His teachers were Antoine-François Peyre Peyre le jeune (1739–1823) and Professor J.-D. Le Roy (1724-1803). At the same time he worked for PA Pâris (1745–1819), perfecting his representation technique with one of the best architectural draftsmen of the time.
In 1786 he was awarded the Prix de Rome by the Académie , which was combined with a long study visit to Rome . From 1786 to 1791, Percier continued the methodical elaboration of the motifs of late Roman architecture and the Renaissance at the Académie de France à Rome . In doing so, he developed the eclectic compositional method that shaped his later work. Percier's studies in Rome are characterized by the examination of late classical architectural sculpture and ornamentation.
Selection of works
Architecture and decor (with fountain):
- 1795–1797: Palais des Tuileries , Paris, south wing, conversion of the “Salle de la Convention” into a theater hall (destroyed)
- 1800–1802: Malmaison Castle , Rueil-Malmaison , renovation and furnishings
- 1802: rue Impériale (now Rue de Rivoli ), Paris
- 1802–1812: Palais du Louvre , Paris, wing of rue de Rivoli
- 1804: Fontainebleau Castle , Fontainebleau
- 1807–1809: Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel , Paris
Building dimensions:
- 1786 travel sketches from Lyon , Turin , Parma , Florence and Rome .
- 1786–1788 Recorded drawings of the Arch of Septimius Severus .
- 1788–1789 Drawings of the Trajan Column .
Drafts:
- 1779–1786 draft studies of the Académie d'Architecture.
- 1786–1789 study drafts from the Académie de France in Rome
- 1787–1791 assumed collaboration in Canova's design for the tomb for Clemens XIII., Rome.
- 1788–1791 presumed draft of a residential house and studio building for Canova.
- 1788 tomb for the friend of the painter and student David's, GJ Drouais, Rome.
- 1789 Design of a villa in Toulouse for Count Stanislas Poniantowski.
- 1806/1807 drafts for the Bavarian crown insignia.
- 1824 Tomb of the Comtesse d'Albany, Florence.
Writings published jointly with Fontaine:
- 1798 Palais, maisons et autres édifices modern dessinés à Rome
- 1809 Choix des plus célèbres maisons de plaisance de Rome et de ses environs
- 1811 Description of the cérémonies et des fêtes qui ont eu lieu pour le mariage de Napoléon Ier avec l'archiduchesse Marie-Louise
- 1812 Recueil de décoration intérieure concernant tout ce qui rapporte à l'ameublement
- 1833 Résidences des souverains de France, d'Allemagne, de Russie, etc.
literature
- Ulrich Leben: Object Design in the Age of Enlightenment. The History of the Royal Free Drawing School in Paris. J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles CA 2004, ISBN 0-89236-778-4 .
- Hans Ottomeyer : The early oeuvre of Charles Perciers (1782-1800). At the beginning of historicism in France. Munich 1981 (Munich, Univ., Diss., 1976).
- Sabine Frommel, Jean-Philippe Garric and Elisabeth Kieven (eds.): Charles Percier e Pierre Fontaine dal soggiorno romano alla trasformazione di Parigi , Studi della Bibliotheca Hertziana vol. 9, Silvana Editoriale, Cinisello Balsamo / Milan 2014, ISBN 9788836629961 .
- Jean-Philippe Garric (ed.): Charles Percier. Architecture and design in an age of revolutions , New Haven; London: Yale University Press [2016], ISBN 978-0-300-22158-9 .
Web links
- Marble bust made by, James Pradier .
Individual evidence
- ↑ After the school changed its name five times between the Restoration and the Third Republic , it has been called École nationale des arts décoratifs (ENSAD, rue d'Ulm) since 1927.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Percier, Charles |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 22, 1764 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 5, 1838 |
| Place of death | Paris |