Rue de Rivoli
| Rue de Rivoli | |
|---|---|
| location | |
| Arrondissement | 1. 4. |
| quarter | Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois Halles Palais-Royal Saint-Merri Saint-Gervais |
| Beginning | 45, Rue François-Miron and 1, Rue de Sévigné |
| The End | Place de la Concorde and 2, Rue Saint-Florentin |
| morphology | |
| length | 3070 m |
| width | along the Jardin des Tuileries: 20.78 m otherwise 22 m |
| history | |
| Emergence | May 3, 1848 |
| designation | April 25, 1804 |
| Coding | |
| Paris | 8229 |
The Rue de Rivoli ( German street of Rivoli ) is a street in the 1st and 4th arrondissement of Paris and still forms one of the most important urban axes in the city.
Construction and history
The buildings on the street were laid out with continuous arcades based on the architectural model of the Place des Vosges at the express instruction of Napoléon Bonaparte , who was the first consul of the French Republic at the time and who, as part of his pioneering domestic political reforms, drew up the forward-looking plan, through large-scale urban development projects Not only to modernize Paris fundamentally, but also to beautify it comprehensively.
Rue de Rivoli - night works in September 1854
Rue de Rivoli - (Photo by Adolphe Braun, 1855)
Rue de Rivoli - watercolor (around 1900)
The decision to build this road was taken on October 9, 1801, and later the project became part of Baron Haussmann's urban development plan . The execution took place on the basis of a decree of April 21, 1802 according to the designs of the architect Charles Percier . First, the section of road near the Louvre and west of it was laid between 1806 and 1835. The eastern section of the road comes from the time of Charles X , Ludwig Philipp and Napoléon III . The first buildings in which the arcade design was observed began in 1811. Necessary expropriations were approved by a law of October 4, 1849 and a decree of December 23, 1852. When Georges-Eugène Haussmann was appointed Prefect of Paris in June 1853, he took over the supervision of the road under construction. The first section was up to the Pavillon de Marsan, then up to the Louvre. In addition, Haussmann had 67 and finally another 172 houses demolished. The entire street was opened to traffic in May 1855 with the original name rue Impériale . It was the first street to be completed by Haussmann and served as a model for the boulevards that were still to be built . It owes its later name rue de Rivoli to the Italian town of Rivoli near Verona , near which the French revolutionary army led by Napoleon had decisively defeated the Austrians on January 14th and 15th, 1797 in the Battle of Rivoli .
The "Hôtel Meurice" ( rue de Rivoli No. 228) had been the city headquarters of the German governor Dietrich von Choltitz since August 9, 1944 , who signed the surrender on August 25, 1944 at 2:45 pm. Choltitz gave the French an almost undestroyed capital. Paris was spared the fate of Stalingrad , Warsaw and Berlin , although it had to be destroyed by the Führer order. General von Choltitz sabotaged the Fuehrer's order to defend Paris to the last man and to level it with an effort of sophistication that is rare in his profession. In doing so, he ran the high personal risk of disobedience .
The Rue de Rivoli is one of the most famous shopping streets in the city. There are numerous shops selling souvenirs for tourists near the Louvre . The last stage of the annual Tour de France leads over Rue de Rivoli to the finish at the nearby Arc de Triomphe .
In 2020, under Mayor Anne Hidalgo, large areas of the road were closed to road traffic and designated as a cycle path.
Buildings
The road passes some of the city's major attractions . The following descriptions have been arranged from east to west.
- The Hôtel de Ville , the town hall of Paris , dates from the late 19th century .
- The Saint-Jacques tower dates from the beginning of the 16th century . It is a remnant of the Saint-Jacques-la-Boucherie church, which was demolished in 1797 .
- The La Samaritaine department store is located between the Rue de Rivoli, the Rue de la Monnaie leading to the Pont Neuf and the Quai du Louvre . It was built in the years 1928–1930 according to the plans of Frantz Jourdain in the form of a stone-clad steel structure in the Art Deco style and is to be converted into a hotel in 2016.
- The church of St-Germain-l'Auxerrois was built from the 12th century to the 15th century . It was rebuilt in the years 1500–1530 and again around 1754 and in the 19th century .
- The Louvre is home to one of the largest museums in the world. Directly on Rue de Rivoli is the north Richelieu wing from the 17th century , which Louis Tullius Visconti and Hector Lefuel extended to the Tuileries in the 19th century . Until the 1980s it was the seat of the Ministry of Finance .
- The Place du Palais-Royal was enlarged in 1852, directly opposite the Richelieu wing of the Louvre . The Palais Royal is located in this square . On the east side of the square is the Louvre des Antiquaires , a former department store converted into a shopping mall . It houses around 250 antique shops on three levels.
- The houses opposite the Louvre and the Tuileries Gardens were built uniformly by Charles Percier at the beginning of the 19th century . They include arcades on the ground floor.
- On the Place des Pyramides on the north side of Rue de Rivoli there is a gilded equestrian statue of the national saint Joan of Arc , created by Emmanuel Frémiet in 1874 . Not far from this point Joan of Arc was wounded on September 8, 1429 .
- The historic Hôtel Le Meurice was built here in 1835.
In the movie
The Rue de Rivoli is often seen as a location in films. The gangster film Du rififi chez les hommes (German: Rififi ; French premiere: April 13, 1955) shows the break-in into a local jewelry store for 32 minutes when four burglars silently clear away the stolen goods. The film Julia (US premiere: October 20, 1977) shows the Hôtel le Meurice and the street, Diva (France: March 11, 1981) shows the arcades, Midnight in Paris (May 11, 2011) shows many buildings on the street .
location
It extends over a length of 3.07 kilometers with a width of 20.78 meters in an east-west direction between the Rue de Sévigné and the Place de la Concorde ; the eastern extension of the axis, the rue Saint-Antoine , leads to the Place de la Bastille . The western continuation is the Avenue Gabriel , a parallel street to the Avenue des Champs-Élysées . Métrolinie 1 runs parallel under Rue de Rivoli with the stops (from east to west) Saint-Paul , Hôtel de Ville , Châtelet , Louvre-Rivoli , Palais Royal - Musée du Louvre , Tuileries and Concorde .
literature
- Chris Boicos et al. a .: Paris . RV Reise- und Verkehrsverlag, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-89480-901-9 , p. 121-123, 130, 314 .
- Julia Droste-Hennings, Thorsten Droste: Paris. A city and its myth . DuMont-Reiseverlag, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-7701-6090-8 , p. 46 .
- Fritz Stahl: Paris. A city as a work of art . Rudolf Mosse Buchverlag, Berlin 1929.
- Heinfried Wischermann: Architecture Guide Paris . Gerd Hatje Verlag, Ostfildern 1997, ISBN 3-7757-0606-2 , p. 30, 96, 120 .
Web links
- Rue de Rivoli. insecula.com (English, French)
- Rue de Rivoli. Paris History
Individual evidence
- ^ Sigfried Giedion: Space, Time, Architecture . 2015, p. 448
- ↑ Karl did not arrive . In: Der Spiegel . No. 36 , 1964, pp. 79 ff . ( online ).
- ↑ [1] and fairkehr 3/2020 p. 22
Coordinates: 48 ° 51 '24.9 " N , 2 ° 21' 13.2" E