Museo Nacional de Colombia
The Museo Nacional de Colombia ( German National Museum of Colombia ) is the oldest museum in Colombia . It was founded in 1823 by the former President of the Republic of New Granada, Francisco de Paula Santander , and currently has more than 20,000 exhibits that are considered representative evidence of Colombian culture. The collection is divided into four collections: art , history , archeology and ethnography . The Colombian National Museum is located in Bogotá district of Santa Fe and the TransMilenio easily reached by a subway station.
history
In the course of the history of Colombia, the Museo Nacional had already occupied several locations, e.g. B. also in the botanical garden . The current site used to be a prison, the cells of which are currently used as exhibition galleries , and was formerly known as Panóptico , the central prison of Cundinamarca . On 2. May 1948 , the museum was in 1874 by the Danish architect Thomas Reed opened designed building. Since August 11, 1975, it has been declared a National Monument of Colombia by decree .
After the Institute of Natural Sciences ( Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ) of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and the Museo del Oro of the Banco de la República , the collection of the Museo Nacional de Colombia is the third largest public collection in Colombia with around 30 million exhibits. The collection of Colombian, Latin American and European art is home to paintings, graphics, engravings, sculptures and installations from the colonial era to the present day.
In particular, the museum has the best collection of Fernando Botero's oil paintings in the country . The museum also owns numerous oil paintings by Gregorio Vásquez de Arce y Ceballos , Andrés de Santa Maria , Fídolo González Camargo , Roberto Páramo , Rómulo Rozo , Fernando Botero, Marco Tobón Mejía , Francisco Antonio Cano , Alejandro Obregón , Enrique Grau , Edgar Negret, among others , Eduardo Ramírez Villamizar , Santiago Martinez Delgado , Ricardo Gómez Campuzano , Roberto Pizano , Guillermo Wiedemann and Álvaro Barrios . It also preserves Simón Bolívar's large iconographic collection with numerous oil paintings, graphics and engravings by José María Espinosa , Pedro José Figueroa and others.
The international art collection includes pieces such as a Greek amphora , an Egyptian grave relief, some pictures by Flemish and Dutch painters, over 100 African exhibits and oil paintings by Latin American artists such as the Venezuelan artists Arturo Michelena and Armando Reverón .
The ethnographic collection includes around 4,000 pieces from all over Colombia. The archaeological collection consists of around 10,000 exhibits from all of the country's pre-Hispanic cultures.
The historical collection also includes numerous pieces not from Colombia but from all over Latin America. Among them the standard that Francisco Pizarro used at the beginning of the 16th century when conquering Peru , a cloak of a lover of the Inca Atahualpa .
literature
- María Paola Rodríguez-Prada: The Creation of the National Museum of Colombia (1823-1830): A History of Collections, Collectors, and Museums . In: Museum History Journal . tape 9 , no. 1 , 2016, p. 29–44 , doi : 10.1080 / 19369816.2015.1118261 .
Web links
Coordinates: 4 ° 36 '55.77 " N , 74 ° 4' 5.83" W.