Night of long knifes

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Night of the Long Knives is the name given to various, particularly political, events.

Historical events

  • The massacre of the British (Celtic) nobles by the Anglo-Saxon immigrants in Salisbury in 450 , which was described by the medieval British historian Geoffrey of Monmouth , among others . The request to murder was therefore made by shouting: "Nemet oure Saxas ". In Welsh this event was referred to as Brad y Cyllyll Hirion ("The Long Knife Betrayal").
  • The series of murders at the end of June 1934 on behalf of Hitler, in which all potential rivals of Hitler were murdered ( by Schleicher , Röhm , Gregor Strasser ) or sidelined ( by Papen ), was presented by Goebbels as a Röhm putsch . In particular, the entire leadership of the SA was murdered on the orders of Adolf Hitler . In Germany, “Night of the Long Knives” usually means this event, but the expression is already documented in the Weimar Republic (for example Wilhelm Frick , Member of the NSDAP, in May 1932: “The night after the victory belongs to you SA people , it will be the night of the long knives! "). The equivalent of Night of the Long Knives is the most common name in English.
  • The November 1938 pogroms were occasionally announced with the expression within the SA and SS and against Jews .
  • Contemporary propaganda expression for the convoy battles in the North Atlantic between October 18 and 20, 1940. The convoys SC 7 and HX 79 were attacked and 22 cargo ships with 154,709 GRT were sunk.
  • British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan's cabinet reshuffle in 1962, which sacked seven cabinet members.
  • In Northern Ireland, the elimination of the Irish Republican splinter group IPLO (a spin-off of the INLA ) by the IRA in the fall of 1992. The IPLO was accused of being involved in the drug trade.
  • In Slovakia ( Slovak Noc dlhých nožov ) which took place on 3 and 4 November 1994 the first session of Parliament after the parliamentary elections of 1994 , in which one party coalition led by the new Prime Minister Vladimir Meciar all government leadership positions in parliamentary, public and economic policy Occupied the area with its own candidates and the opposition lost all control functions.

Recurring events

  • In Switzerland, the term has also been used for the night before a Federal Council election since the 1983 election of Otto Stich, which was "orchestrated" at the last minute by Felix Auer , because in controversial cases, agreements between different parties often take place until shortly before the election and individual parliamentary votes are sought becomes. Especially in the time before mobile telephony, some of these activities are said to have been carried out until late at night in the regular bars of the various parliamentary groups. This use of the term is most common in Switzerland.
  • The night of the long knives is the nickname of a stage of the Monte Carlo Rally over the Col de Turini .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The power struggle: "Night of the Long Knives". In: zdf.de . November 11, 2002, archived from the original on July 4, 2009 ; accessed on September 13, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Clay Blair : The U-Boat War, The Jäger 1939-1942. Wilhelm Heine Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-12345-X , p. 249.
  3. ↑ Harold Macmillan (1894-1986). In: BBC History . November 1, 2006, accessed September 13, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Francesco Benini: The night before the election. In: nzz.ch . September 20, 2009, accessed October 14, 2018 .