Nannacara

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Nannacara
Nannacara anomala, male

Nannacara anomala , male

Systematics
Ovalentaria
Order : Cichliformes
Family : Cichlids (Cichlidae)
Subfamily : Cichlinae
Tribe : Cichlasomatini
Genre : Nannacara
Scientific name
Nannacara
Regan , 1905

Nannacara ( Gr .: “Nanos” = small; “Acará” Tupí-Guaraní - expression for cichlids) is a genus of South American cichlids consisting of four species. The genus occurs in fresh waters on the South American Atlantic coast from the mouth of the Orinoco tothe mouth ofthe Amazon , in the middle and upper Rio Negro in Brazil and in Guyana .

features

Nannacara species are small cichlids and grow to be 4.5 to just over ten centimeters long. Their body resembles that of the cichlid genus Aequidens , but is slightly flattened on the sides, not particularly high back and of an elongated, oval shape. The head profile is rounded, the mouth at the end. The sideline runs close to the long base of the dorsal fin. The dorsal and anal fins are not scaly. The soft radiating parts of the dorsal and anal fin are, especially in the males, drawn out and pointed. The caudal fin has 14 fin rays , with all other cichlids there are 16. Males are significantly larger than the females. Nannacara species are cave breeders .

Types and distribution

The species of the genus Nannacara mainly inhabit coastal tributaries of the Atlantic, for example from the mouth of the Amazon to west of the mouth of the Orinoco . In addition to the species already described, several undescribed forms are known that have not yet been assigned to any species. The distribution of the individual forms is still insufficiently known, since no large-scale systematic collections have been carried out or evaluated.

Two other species described under Nannacara , N. adoketa and N. bimaculata , differ significantly from the other species of the genus in numerous physical features, in basic details of brood care and in the pattern of the young. The authors of the first description made this explicit. The new genus Ivanacara was therefore established for both species in 2006 :

Both species, which are now included in the Ivanacara genus , inhabit river areas within the South American continent, namely in the middle and upper drainage of the Brazilian Rio Negro ( Ivanacara adoketa ) and in the middle and upper reaches of the Essequibo ( Ivanacara bimaculata ). Their exact distribution is also insufficiently known.

literature

  • Günther Sterba : The world's freshwater fish. 2nd Edition. Urania, Leipzig / Jena / Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4 .
  • Günther Sterba (Ed.), Gert Brückner: Encyclopedia of Aquaristics and Special Ichthyology. Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen u. a. 1978, ISBN 3-7888-0252-9 .
  • Claus Schaefer: Nannacara. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 676 f.
  • Uwe Römer: Cichlid Atlas Volume 2 - Natural history of the dwarf cichlids of South America, part 2 . 1319 pages. Mergus Verlag, 2006, ISBN 978-3-88244-084-3 .

Web links

Commons : Nannacara  - collection of images, videos and audio files