Nathusius' pigeon apple

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Nathusius' pigeon apple
Nathusius' Taubenapfel, Fig. From: Germany's fruit varieties, Eckstein and Stähle, Stuttgart 1905–1934

Nathusius' Taubenapfel, Fig. From: Germany's fruit varieties , Eckstein and Stähle, Stuttgart 1905–1934

Art Cultivated apple ( Malus domestica )
origin Althaldensleben , Saxony-Anhalt
Breeding year 1824
ancestry

Growing from seeds

List of apple varieties
Images of the fruit
August Dieskau (1805-1889)
Johann Gottlob Nathusius (1760-1835)

Nathusius' pigeon apple is a table apple cultivated in 1824 , which belongs to the class of pigeon apples according to the Dielsche system, which was later improved by Eduard Lucas .

history

In 1824, the later head gardener Dieskau grew the apple from a seed in what was once an important market gardener in Althaldensleben . On the occasion of the first large fruit exhibition in what was then the Krollschen Etablissement in Berlin, Eduard Lucas and JGC Oberdieck named the apple as the " Big red Althaldensleber Pigeon .

However, Dieskau later renamed the apple after Johann Gottlob Nathusius , as this (his employer) had made extraordinary contributions to fruit growing and agriculture. The variety was first published by Theodor Engelbrecht in the club's journal for the German pomologists' association , and later also in his standard work for Germany's apple varieties . described.

The breeder

Johann Wilhelm August Dieskau (1805–1889) completed an apprenticeship as a gardener in the Halle Botanical Garden . His teacher was Johann August Baum. Dieskau received the apprenticeship certificate on April 20, 1824. After completing his apprenticeship, Professor Kurt Sprengel was placed in a position with Johann Gottlob Nathusius, an acquaintance of the professor. Until 1832 he worked in the Althaldensleber and Hundisburger Gardens. From 1832 he worked again in the botanical garden in Halle as a gardener's assistant. From around 1840 he was employed again as head gardener in Althaldensleben.

The namesake

Johann Gottlob Nathusius, who became rich as a merchant in Magdeburg and later owner of the Althaldensleben and Hundisburg estates, was a modest man despite his fortune. His penchant for gardening and park construction as well as arboriculture can be described as the only hobby. Even if his interest was partly commercial, he invested a lot of time and money in the creation of large parks, first on the Werder in Magdeburg, later in Althaldensleben and Hundisburg ( Landscape Park Althaldensleben-Hundisburg ). Although Nathusius was not a practically trained gardener, he read - as far as possible at the time - into the subject, so that he not only mastered the gardening rules himself, but also passed them on to his gardeners. Nathusius employed up to 22 gardeners and gardener's assistants on his two estates.

description

The tree growth is medium strong and broad. Flowering occurs late, so there is hardly any risk of frost. It is ready for picking around mid-October, and it is ready for consumption from November to March. The apple fruit is medium-sized, egg-shaped and striped with red. The apple halves are often unequal. The fruit hardly smells. The skin of the fruit is smooth and a little greasy. The pulp is soft and juicy, has a bitter almond aroma and tastes slightly noble wine.

Occurrence

The apple variety was grown on the Lower Elbe in the 19th century , but then largely disappeared. Today the Lower Saxony Elbe Valley is again the "home country" of the variety and the Nathusius' pigeon apple is also offered by many nurseries throughout Germany. You can also find it in the fruit quarters of the park ensemble created by Johann Gottlob Nathusius at Hundisburger Schloss. It is also planted today in the Rhineland .

literature

  • Germany's fruit varieties , Eckstein and Stähle, 1905 ff.
  • Theodor Engelbrecht , Germany's apple varieties , No. 237 (V, 2.b.), Braunschweig 1889
  • Ulrich Hauer, Of art gardeners and garden art. The gardeners and gardens of the Nathusius family in Althaldensleben and Hundisburg , KULTUR-Landschaft Haldensleben-Hundisburg eV and Museum Haldensleben (ed.), Haldensleben-Hundisburg 2005
  • F. Jahn, Eduard Lucas , JCG Oberdieck , Illustrirtes Handbuch der Obstkunde , Äpfel (Volume I.), Stuttgart 1859
  • Löwel, Labus, Deutsche Äpfel, Niederelbe (Volume I.), list of fruit varieties, Hamburg 1941
  • Elsbeth von Nathusius, Johann Gottlob Nathusius. A pioneer of German industry , Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart and Berlin 1915

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gouache picture from approx. 1830, owned by the Museum Haldensleben
  2. ↑ Pigeon apples have small and medium-sized, non-ribbed or irregularly ribbed, oblong, conical fruits. They have a smooth skin, are shiny, fine, slightly scented and rarely with traces of rust. The meat is fine-grained, quite firm, also pithy, juicy and spicy, according to. Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon , Volume 1., Leipzig 1905, pp. 612–614
  3. ↑ according to Information from the Ecomusée Haldensleben-Hundisburg
  4. ↑ Theodor Engelbrecht, Germany's apple varieties, .. s. LitVerz., P. 263
  5. ↑ "Pigeon", also Germanized "Pison", was used as a synonym for the term "pigeon apple"
  6. ↑ according to Article: Nathusius Taubenapfel (PDF; 84 kB) in: Friedrich Lucas (Ed.), Pomologische Monatshefte , Obstsortenwerk , 1890
  7. ↑ according to Information  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at Baumgartner Nursery@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.baumschule-baumgartner.de  
  8. ↑ s. LitVerz.
  9. ↑ according to Ulrich Hauer , Of art gardeners and garden art ... s. LitVerz, p. 58 f. and 78 f.
  10. ↑ So Nathusius founded a commercial nursery, in which bushes and trees were not only grown for their own needs, but also for sale. The first sales catalog for trees and shrubs was published in 1825, followed by an addition for fruit trees, shrubs and flowers in 1827. The business grew quickly and soon it was shipping all over the world. In 1826 the Nathusius tree nurseries had 14,000 maples, 36,000 acacias, 20,000 - 30,000 different firs, 18,000 American oaks, 9,000 tulip trees and 350,000 fruit seedlings, according to Elsbeth von Nathusius, Johann Gottlob Nathusius, ... see LitVerz., 225 f.
  11. ↑ according to Elsbeth von Nathusius, Johann Gottlob Nathusius, ..., p. 227
  12. ↑ according to Johann-Heinrich Rolff, The Apple. Variety Names and Synonyms , Volume 1: The Apples, p.281
  13. ↑ according to GLL Lüneburg, Office for Land Development, fruit tree avenues. Fruits of the Elbe Valley on the website  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the Lower Saxony Elbe Valley Biosphere Reserve@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / cdl.niedersachsen.de  
  14. ↑ according to Article Mysterious Fruit by Dr. Randolph Kricke in Der Westen (WAZ ) on July 28, 2009, Oberhausen

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