National Geographic Society
The National Geographic Society , based in Washington, DC , is an American society for the advancement of geography .
| National Geographic | |
|---|---|
|
|
| description | popular science journal |
| First edition | 1888 |
| Sold edition | > 2,000,000 copies |
| Editor-in-chief | Susan Goldberg |
| editor | National Geographic Society |
| ISSN (print) | 0027-9358 |
History and Development
| Surname | Life dates | comment |
|---|---|---|
| Cleveland Abbe | 1838-1916 | meteorologist |
| Frank Baker | 1841-1918 | Mediciners |
| Marcus Baker | 1849-1903 | cartographer |
| John Russell Bartlett | 1843-1904 | Officer and naturalist |
| Charles J. Bell | 1858-1929 | banker |
| Rogers Birnie | 1851-1939 | Officer and naturalist |
| William Healey Dall | 1845-1927 | Naturalist |
| Arthur P. Davis | 1861-1933 | engineer |
| Clarence Edward Dutton | 1841-1912 | Officer and naturalist |
| Henry Gannett | 1846-1914 | cartographer |
| Samuel S. Gannett | 1861-1939 | geographer |
| Grove Karl Gilbert | 1843-1918 | geologist |
| James Howard Gore | 1856-1939 | mathematician |
| George Brown Goode | 1851-1896 | Naturalist |
| Adolphus Washington Greely | 1844-1935 | Polar explorer |
| Edward Everett Hayden | 1858-1932 | Naval officer and meteorologist |
| Henry W. Henshaw | 1850-1930 | Naturalist |
| Gardiner Greene Hubbard | 1822-1897 | Lawyer |
| Willard Drake Johnson | 1860-1917 | topographer |
| George Kennan | 1845-1924 | Siberia explorer |
| George Wallace Melville | 1841-1912 | Naval officer and naturalist |
| Clinton Hart Merriam | 1855-1942 | scientist |
| Henry Mitchell | 1830-1902 | engineer |
| Robert Muldrow II | 1864-1950 | geologist |
| Herbert Governor Ogden | 1846-1906 | topographer |
| John Wesley Powell | 1834-1902 | geologist |
| William Bramwell Powell | 1836-1904 | Pedagogue |
| Israel Cook Russell | 1852-1906 | geologist |
| Winfield Scott Schley | 1839-1911 | admiral |
| Almon H. Thompson | 1839-1906 | geographer |
| Gilbert Thompson | 1839-1909 | topographer |
| Otto Hilgard Tittmann | 1850-1938 | Geodesic |
| James Clark Welling | 1825-1894 | Pedagogue |
The society was founded on January 13, 1888 by 33 men in the Washington Cosmos Club . Gardiner Greene Hubbard was elected first President of the Society on January 27, 1888 . After his death in 1897 he was followed by his son-in-law Alexander Graham Bell . The purpose of the association was and is to bring geographic knowledge to the general public.
To this end, it sponsors geographic research projects and publishes a monthly magazine, National Geographic Magazine (later National Geographic ), the first issue of which appeared 9 months after the society was founded.
The chairman and executive director of the National Geographic Society has been John M. Fahey, Junior, since January 2011. Declan Moore is vice president of National Geographic Publishing and Digital Media.
There are two other major geographic societies in the United States, the American Geographical Society (AGS) in New York City and the Association of American Geographers (AAG), the professional association of American geographers.
The logo was designed by Chermayeff & Geismar & Haviv .
National Geographic Magazine
In 1905, the editor established Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor the actual photo-journalism , for which the magazine with spectacular color photographs as well as excellent maps inserts and the characteristic yellow border ( yellow border ) is known as a trademark.
Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor shaped the magazine as editor-in-chief for 55 years; his principles of writing only friendly things about countries and people and avoiding unpleasant or inappropriate criticism, however, was controversial. For example, in 1937 the magazine positively mentioned the Berlin transport system and German youth. It was only after Grosvenor's death in the late 1960s that there were critical issues.
In 1982 the US magazine had a circulation of 10,860,000 copies.
In addition to the English-language original edition and the German offshoot, which has been appearing since 1999, there are other local editions of the magazine in Chinese, Danish, Estonian, Finnish, Flemish, French, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Croatian, Dutch, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (individual editions including for Brazil and Portugal), Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Serbian, Czech, Turkish and Hungarian.
In 2006 the magazine was awarded the Prince of Asturias Prize for Communication and Humanities.
In May 2007, the National Geographic Magazine was awarded the prize General Excellence Award of the American Society Magazine Editors in the "circulation of over 2 million" and the award for best photography for three issues of the magazine in the year of 2006.
Susan Goldberg is currently the editor-in-chief of the US edition. Chris Johns, her predecessor, was named Editor of the Year at Advertising Age Magazine's October 2008 American Magazine Conference.
National Geographic Germany
A German-language edition of National Geographic has been published by G + J / RBA GmbH & Co KG, a licensee of the National Geographic Society and National Geographic Television , since 1999 . The editor-in-chief of the magazine is Erwin Brunner. As a long-time editor-in-chief, he was one of the founding members of the German-language edition and replaced Klaus Liedtke at the head of the editorial team in 2009.
In addition to the reports from the US edition that have been translated into German, the German edition includes other short additional articles by the German editorial team. The German editorial team has also been writing its own reports since 2005. Some of these reports and current topics are published not only in the printed magazine, but also on the website.
The first issues in Germany cost 5 DM, now the issue price is 6 euros (as of November 2017). A card was often included as a poster in the first few years. These cards are now rarely distributed. However, posters on a specific topic of the respective issue are regularly included in the booklet.
The German National Geographic magazine has a circulation of 172,500 copies (IVW 3/2012) and reaches around 1.6 million readers (MA 2/2012).
more publishments
In addition, the bookazine series National Geographic Collectors Edition has been devoted to selected topics in a special issue since 2004. The bilingual knowledge magazine National Geographic Kids (formerly National Geographic World ) has been aimed at young readers up to 14 years of age since 2003. The magazine appears ten times a year and is available in stores including an audio book for 5.30 euros. In Germany there is also the National Geographic book publisher. Today it comprises more than 600 titles - from illustrated books and travel guides to non-fiction and history books.
The online photo community offers hobby photographers the opportunity to share their own photos with other community members. In addition, the site provides information on photo competitions that National Geographic conducts. National Geographic also initiates exhibitions and live multi-vision shows.
National Geographic Channel has been broadcasting on German-speaking television since 2004. The station's program is broadcast in 153 countries and 27 languages worldwide.
competition
Until 2011, the National Geographic Society in Germany held the “ National Geographic Knowledge ” competition annually at all schools that were willing to take part . There, the best of the class, the best of the class and the best of the school were searched for at various levels. He then entered the competition for his state. The best of the German federal states met for the final, in which the national winner and the German team were determined. This took part in the National Geographic World Championship .
See also
- National Geographic Channel
- Sharbat Gula - National Geographic's best-known cover image
literature
- National geographic. The national geographic magazine, official journal of the National Geographic Society. Washington DC 1.1888f., 123.1963ff. ISSN 0027-9358
- National geographic. Germany. Gruner & Jahr, Hamburg 1999, 10ff. (German edition) ISSN 1615-0872
- Reuel Golden (Ed.): National Geographic. Around the world in 125 years. 3 volumes, Taschen Verlag, Cologne 2014, ISBN 978-3-8365-5034-5 .
Web links
- National Geographic Germany
- National Geographic Society website (USA)
- National Geographic Channel
- Reto U. Schneider : A kingdom for a picture ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ). In: NZZ Folio . 04/03, subject: the photographer. (Article about National Geographic's picture department, which produces an average of 29,000 images per article in order to publish 15.)