Edward Everett Hayden

Edward Everett Hayden (born April 14, 1858 in Boston , Massachusetts , † November 17, 1932 in Baltimore , Maryland ) was an American naval officer and meteorologist and in 1888 co-founder of the National Geographic Society .

Live and act

After completing school, Hayden entered the United States Naval Academy as a cadet in 1875 at the age of 17 . After completing his studies, he was transferred as a young officer to the USS Kearsarge in 1879 and then to the USS New Hampshire in 1881 . A year later, Hayden married the daughter of Civil War General Joseph Jones Reynolds , Kate Reynolds.

Hayden worked in the Navy primarily as a scientist. In addition to his military duties, he mainly dealt with time measurement, hydrology and meteorology . He has published numerous articles and articles on these topics, especially in relation to the hurricanes that regularly hit the United States . Because of his scientific work, Hayden was appointed to the Smithsonian Institute and the United States Geological Survey in 1883 and to the Harvard College Observatory in Cambridge in 1884 .

Hayden had an accident during an expedition in Oregon for the United States Geological Survey. He fell while climbing and was seriously injured. As a result of the accident, one of his legs had to be amputated. Due to his invalidity, he was no longer fit for service in the Navy and was retired in 1885.

After his recovery he continued to work as a civilian scientist, mostly on behalf of the US Navy . From 1885 to 1886 he was employed as a geologist with the United States Geological Survey. From 1887 to 1893 he worked as a marine meteorologist and editor of the pilot charts for the United States Hydrographic Office in Washington, DC . On January 13, 1888, Hayden was one of the founding members of the National Geographic Society, whose secretary he was from 1895 to 1897. 1898 Hayden of the United States Naval Observatory in Mare Iceland ( California ) and to the United States Hydrographic Office in 1899 Manila ( Philippines Representative), before returning to Washington in 1900, this time to the Office of Naval Intelligence .

In 1901 the US Congress passed a law that allowed the disabled and disabled to remain in the service of the armed forces or to be reactivated. However, members of the Navy were excluded from serving on ships. Hayden took advantage of this opportunity and was reactivated with the rank of lieutenant in the US Navy. A short time later he was promoted to lieutenant commander . From 1902 and 1910 he was responsible for timekeeping and chronometers at the United States Naval Observatory in Washington . During this time he took part in the US Eclipse expedition in Spain in 1905 .

In 1910, EE Hayden was promoted to captain and commander of the 7th Fleet District and Key West ( Florida ) naval station . In the years 1911 and 1912, he spent several months at the United States Naval Home in Philadelphia ( Pennsylvania drafted). The last military station was the naval court martial in Portsmouth ( Virginia ) from 1915 to 1921 .

In 1921, Edward Everett Hayden retired with the rank of rear admiral at the age of 63. In the same year he returned to Washington with his wife. He continued his scientific work and made numerous trips, mainly to Europe . Hayden fell ill in October / November 1932. He died on November 17, 1932 at the age of 74 of complications from his illness in the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore . For his services to the Navy and science, Hayden was buried with military honors in Arlington National Cemetery.

family

EE Hayden had been married to Kate Reynolds since 1882. The couple had five children. Kate Reynolds Hayden was on 24 March 1859 daughter of Civil War General Joseph Jones Reynolds and his wife Mary Elizabeth Bainbridge in Lafayette ( Indiana born). She died at the age of almost 92 on March 11, 1951 and was also buried at her husband's side in Arlington.

estate

Correspondence, publications, scientific papers, documents, official papers and photos of EE Hayden are preserved in large numbers, especially in the archives of the Navy. Hayden had primarily dealt with tropical cyclones and described the subject in detail. Hayden has also made a name for himself as an inventor. Because of his own disability as a leg amputee, he developed z. B. Crutches, which should make walking easier. He patented these inventions as well as an automatic, electrical fire alarm system he developed in 1908.

Works

• The Charleston Earthquake. Some further observations. In: Science . NS Vol. 8 = No. 189, September 17, 1886, pp. 246-248, doi : 10.1126 / science.ns-8.189.246 .
• The Great Storm off the Atlantic Coast of the United States March 11-14, 1888 (= Hydrographic Office. United States. Navy. Nautical Monographs. No. 5, ZDB ID 2138892-1 ). United States Government Printing Office , Washington DC 1888.
• Tropical cyclones. In: United Service. A Monthly Review of Military and Naval Affairs. Vol. 1, 1889, p. 565 f.
• West Indian Hurricanes and the March Blizzard, 1888. Forest and Stream, New York NY 1889.
• The Modern Law of Storm. In: United Service. A Monthly Review of Military and Naval Affairs. March 1890.
• The Samoan Hurricane of March 1889. In: United States Naval Institute. Proceedings. Vol. 17, No. 2, 1891, ISSN  0041-798X , pp. 283-295.
• Storms of the North Atlantic. In: The American Meteorological Journal. Vol. 10, 1893, ZDB -ID 426921-4 , pp. 377-378.
• The Law of Storms. Considered with special reference to the North Atlantic. In: The National Geographic Magazine. Vol. 2, No. 3, 1889, ISSN  0027-9358 .
• Poem: O Mother Nature, An Evolutionist's Prayer.

Web links

• Biography at Arlington National Cemetery

• Edward Everett Hayden in the database of Find a Grave (English)